The are unavoidable. Point is to carry a patch and co2 cartridge inflator kit. If you can’t repair a tube out, don’t leave the house.
If your running on sew ups. Have cell phone at all times, a credit card for a taxi and at least $20 for a passing pickup truck driver.
I just Googled it and found that the best strategy is to use proper tire pressure in thorn-resistant tubes filled with tube sealants inside puncture-resistant tires with tire liners.