I dont get the concern that presenting new evidence is somehow a transgression of some sort regarding not believing the prevailing scientific assumptions.
When the “science” is about something far (by any reckoning, whether thousands or billions) in the past that cannot be re-run, models, paradigms and beliefs play a much bigger role than in a situation where an experiment can establish a repeatable effect.
[[Whats this about believ(ing) science? Real science should be (though frequently is not) a dispassionate, objective search for the truth; an effort to simply discern facts.]]
Aristotle proposed that matter consisted of various mixtures of “Fire, Earth, Air and Water.” Aristotle’s reputation kept that theory alive for a couple millennia.
Then, the inductive method was proposed; it became the foundation for the method of science. Modern Chemistry began about the time of the American Revolution when Dalton proposed the “hard sphere model” for each different element. That explained a lot.
Then, Rutherford presented data that the atom was mostly empty space; hence, the nucleus. Bohr suggested the electrons moved in orbits which was very useful to explain a number of observations. Next was the orbital theory that explained more observations. Today, quantum theory is so mathematical that it is hard to propose a model that we could look at and understand.
The inductive logic does not have absolute certainty in its theories because theories change as new observations require a theory to be modified. Theories cannot be absolutely proven. Thus, the chemist must *believe* the atomic model of matter as he/she does research. I wonder, when I approach the Pearly Gates if the Lord will lean over and whisper, “That atomic theory of yours, ALL WRONG.”
So I asked if he would give me the citation so that I could read the article for myself. He would not! I walked out. It was not a Science seminar, it was a political/religious seminar. In the three, four, five decades since, no hint of such an idea has surfaced.
ICR — use a grain of salt; a BIG grain of salt.