How about if one puts the phone in "airline mode", cutting off the connection with 4G? Does this cut the connection?
Maybe, but I doubt it. Phones, and you, have to be tracked so if I call you the cellular network knows where you are so you and I can be connected.
This is why, even if the phone is turned off, it still has to be tracked. The cell network can note the phone is off and direct the call to your voice mailbox.