[allmost]

They are suing over carbon dioxide emissions. The skeptics/realists know that this is a lagging indicator. CO₂ is released after the liquid (ocean) is warmed. It can be displayed to elementary school aged children, and many adults have experienced it in one way or another. Take a warm and cold seltzer water (substitute soda or beer), give them a small shake (simulating ocean currents and convection), then open them. The warm one releases more CO₂. The seltzer, soda, beer, ocean is warm. This causes the gasses to be released. Most large ocean fisheries are in colder climates because of the simple fact that dissolved gasses remain in the water and sea life can use them. Tropical oceans are comparatively deserts for the same temperature dependent reason. The parts per million increase of CO₂ is a lagging indicator and blaming the Sun (actual heat source) does not 'forward' any of their causes.

[palmer]

The skeptics/realists know that this is a lagging indicator. CO2 is released after the liquid (ocean) is warmed.

The oceans used to do that. Without mankind there would be a 5-10 ppm rise in CO2 from the natural warming coming out of the Little Ice Age. That can be calculated from the partial pressure of CO2 in the atmosphere (above the ocean) and the temperature rise. Since CO2 has risen by about 100ppm the oceans have gone into reverse and are now absorbing about 1/2 of mankind's emissions each year.

Here's a paper http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/8576/1/LeQuere09.pdf showing the warming oceans are not emitting, they are absorbing. There are more many papers like this and they are generally correct.

[palmer]

Take a warm and cold seltzer water (substitute soda or beer), give them a small shake (simulating ocean currents and convection), then open them. The warm one releases more CO2

Here's a specific answer: the CO2 partial pressure has increased. That would be like leaving the cap on the bottle. As long as there is CO2 at pressure above the ocean higher than the pressure within the ocean the CO2 will absorb the CO2 from the atmosphere. Here's the text from Wikipedia on Henry's Law: "Partial pressure of CO2 in the gas phase in equilibrium with seawater doubles with every 16 K increase in temperature."

We have had about a 2K increase in ocean temperatures over the last century. That would lead to 2/16 or 1/8 of a doubling of partial pressure of CO2 above the ocean. That means from 280 ppm we would have had about 35 ppm in rise in partial pressure of CO2 (I was wrong when I said 5-10ppm).