[wendy1946]

The smaller of the pairs of objects are frequently high mass, high velocity objects seen through the tail of a galaxy. The objects have a different matter distribution than the galaxy and have been id’d as distant objects.

That idea has basically been debunked, just too many such coincidences. In other words, beyond some point, connections stop being coincidental.

[texmexis best]

There are many galaxies out there, some say 100 billion and others feel that 1 trillion is not to large a number for visible galaxies. Given those numbers the juxtaposition of two or threee objects is not all unlikely and when we look at the galaxies we find that it very common.