Reads like someone of whom, their entire military knowledge comes from movies and video games.
For anybody with any understanding of fallout effects/patterns etc, yes it does. For most of the general public it looks like a good reason to run around screaming and waving their arms frantically. The effects of a nuclear detonation would be mostly emotional unless the perp was able to put it in exactly the right place and the weather cooperated. The idea of a single detonation putting enough debris in the air to trigger a “nuclear winter” is simply foolish. Mt St Helens put more debris up than our whole arsenal could likely produce even if they were all near-ground burst.