ANATOMY OF A DEBACLE
By Lynn Vincent
Source: World Magazine
April 1, 2000 Volume 15 Number 13
In Congress, the gruesome trade of baby body parts was supposed to be on trial; so why was the whistleblower placed on the defensive, his credibility in tatters?
By the time his telephone rang on Wednesday, March 8, Dean Alberty was already tortured with anxiety. Mr. Alberty, who from 1995 to 1997 had worked as a "tissue procurement technician" for a company called Anatomic Gift Foundation, was set to testify before Congress the following day. The topic: the illegal trade in body parts of aborted babies. As he envisioned the approaching hearing, he imagined an imposing semicircle of federal legislators staring down at him from behind microphones, a packed gallery, popping flashbulbs, and whirring cameras.
Mr. Alberty's mounting tension would have morphed instantly into black fear had he known he was walking into an ambush.
Congress had called the March 9 hearing in response to evidence of an illegal trade in fetal tissue presented by the pro-life activist group Life Dynamics, as well as corroborating independent reports by several news outlets, including WORLD (Oct. 23, 1999). Mr. Alberty, 34, first made news as the informant "Kelly," who in 1997 came to Life Dynamics with horrific stories of the for-profit distribution of baby brains, limbs, eyes, and organs by fetal tissue- brokers to medical researchers. (The group disguised Mr. Alberty as a woman to protect his identity.)
From 1997 through most of 1999, Mr. Alberty worked undercover, both in the Kansas Mid-Missouri Planned Parenthood abortion clinic and for Miles Jones, a fetal-tissue profiteer, gathering information on the new trade in human remains. But finally, his life had come down to this hearing. The next day, Mr. Alberty, who lives in Lee's Summit, Mo., would step forward to, in his words, "do the right thing."
But the right thing, it turned out, went dreadfully wrong. At the hearing, which was held by the House Subcommittee on Health and Environment, three witnesses besides Mr. Alberty were scheduled to testify: Lynn Fredericks, a former Planned Parenthood vice president who had compiled records of what she believed was a financially improper relationship between suspected baby-parts brokerage Anatomic Gift Foundation (AGF) and Kansas Mid-Missouri Planned Parenthood; AGF president James Bardsley; and Opening Lines' Dr. Jones, a Missouri pathologist who had boasted of his lucrative baby body-parts business on ABC's 20/20 only the night before.
The subcommittee was to consider a narrow question: Is fetal tissue being bought and sold in violation of federal law? But that question received scant attention during seven hours of testimony-particularly since neither Mr. Bardsley nor Dr. Jones showed up. Instead, a proceeding that should have blown the baby body-parts industry wide open dissolved into an open attack on Dean Alberty. Pro-abortion Democratic subcommittee members, apparently aided by Anatomic Gift Foundation, savaged Mr. Alberty's credibility under crossfire that eventually turned into a bipartisan turkey- shoot. When the smoke cleared, the attention of the nation was drawn effectively away from the message of an illegal trade in baby parts, and directed instead to a fallen messenger.
The orchestration of Mr. Alberty's fall began long before he arrived in Washington. The person who telephoned him the Wednesday before the hearing was Chicago attorney Fay Clayton. Ms. Clayton is a hardball, feminist lawyer who in 1998 successfully prosecuted a group of pro-life demonstrators on federal racketeering charges. Late last year, Anatomic Gift Foundation retained Ms. Clayton as counsel in a civil suit that alleged that Mr. Alberty, by recovering fetal tissue for Miles Jones, had violated a non-compete agreement he had signed when AGF hired him.
Michael Schwartz, an aide to Health and Environment Subcommittee member Tom Coburn (R-Okla.), believes the timing of AGF's lawsuit-and the nature of its eventual settlement-raises questions. Why did it take AGF two years to sue Mr. Alberty? Why did the firm file its lawsuit only after Congress had passed a resolution calling for hearings on the fetal-tissue trade? Perhaps most importantly, why did AGF settle the lawsuit in exchange for a vow of silence from Dean Alberty, when the company claimed in the suit that Mr. Alberty had injured AGF financially?
Under the terms of the out-of-court settlement, Mr. Alberty not only does not have to give AGF any money; he may also keep the non-fetal tissue recovery business he recently launched. That is, as long as he keeps his mouth shut. He is prohibited by the settlement from speaking to anyone- unless under subpoena by a court or Congress-about what he saw when he worked for AGF. As a consequence, GOP subcommittee members charged with preparing for the March 9 hearing were not able to pre-screen Mr. Alberty to determine whether he'd make a sound witness.
But that apparently did not stop Fay Clayton from conducting her own brand of pre-screening. Mr. Alberty says Ms. Clayton called him the day before the hearing to rehearse portions of his deposition with him over the telephone. She may have been legally able to do that because part of AGF's settlement with Mr. Alberty stipulated that AGF attorneys had 20 hours of access to follow up with him. Ms. Clayton did not respond to WORLD's phone call. "She told me that people were going to go to jail for whatever I said at the hearing the next day," Mr. Alberty says. "Then she read me portions of my deposition, and asked me to confirm that what she was reading was what I had said."
Mr. Alberty says it was his impression that Ms. Clayton called him to "coach" his upcoming testimony, "so she could make sure I said the same thing in the hearing as I had said in my deposition. Also to scare and intimidate me. It worked. By the time my plane touched down in Baltimore, I was scared to death."
Although he didn't know it, Mr. Alberty had good reason to be scared. According to Michael Schwartz, AGF had provided documents to pro- abortion Democrats on the subcommittee to help them destroy Mr. Alberty's credibility. Further, once minority members of the committee had obtained Mr. Bardsley's materials, Mr. Schwartz says they withheld them from GOP subcommittee members until just hours before the hearing. As a result, subcommittee Democrats were able to dismantle Mr. Alberty's story in a public vivisection that Lou Sheldon and Jim Lafferty of the Traditional Values Coalition called "a disaster."
It was Mr. Alberty's deposition in particular that helped Democrats shred his viability as a witness. He gave the deposition to Ms. Clayton just prior to his settlement with AGF. In it, Mr. Alberty said under oath that he had "no personal knowledge" of whether AGF ever sold fetal tissue in violation of the law. Mr. Alberty also admitted that he had embellished stories of abortion clinic goings-on that he had told to Life Dynamics in a videotape made by the group in May 1998.
"Personal knowledge" is a precise legal term that means a person was not an actual eyewitness or party to a specific event. But it does not mean that Mr. Alberty, who says he dissected dead children according to AGF's client- researcher requirements and had seen AGF's baby-parts price list, could not have made a reasonable assumption that his employers were operating illegally.
In addition, Mr. Alberty's attorney David Stout, Mr. Schwartz, and others believe that though Mr. Alberty may have embellished accounts he shared with Life Dynamics, the broad core of his story is true-including the story Mr. Alberty told legislators drove him to come forward about the body-parts trade in the first place: that of infant twins, aborted alive and brought to him in a pan for dissection. At the hearing and on the Life Dynamics videotape, Mr. Alberty said the twins, who were between 26 and 30 weeks old, were "cuddling each other" and "gasping for breath."
The incident was a crucial part of what Mr. Alberty felt was a battle for his soul. Vowing to leave the abortion business and make peace with God, Mr. Alberty walked out of the lab and out of the clinic. Even while confused, frightened, and under fire from his subcommittee inquisitors, Mr. Alberty- under oath-did not recant that story.
House members bent on discrediting Mr. Alberty brushed past the issue of the twins and focused instead on his "no personal knowledge" statements, as well as discrepancies between his deposition and the Life Dynamics videotape. California Reps. Henry Waxman, Anna Eshoo, and Lois Capps peppered Mr. Alberty with accusatory questions that Mr. Schwartz says "blew his credibility to shreds within minutes."
Another trap: Ms. Eshoo raised a sheet of paper in the air and waved it like a flag. It was a photocopy of a check made out to Mr. Alberty by Life Dynamics. In all, the group paid Mr. Alberty more than $10,000, plus $11,276 in reimbursements for expenses, over the two-year period he gathered information for them. Although Mr. Alberty does not feel that his accepting money in return for investigative work bears on his credibility, that revelation effectively nailed shut the coffin on his testimony.
Since the hearing, some have questioned the competence of the GOP staff charged with preparing for the hearing. Life Dynamics president Mark Crutcher said, "We repeatedly warned them that ... if they tried to make their case on what Alberty might do or say, rather than on the documentation, the hearing could blow up in their faces."
Mr. Alberty told WORLD that both his reputation and his life now lie in tatters. A week after the hearing debacle, he was fired from his job at a Missouri adult organ donation service. He now works as a part-time landscaper.
"I really came close to wanting to end my life after the hearing," says Mr. Alberty. "I wanted to try to do the right thing, but you know, the Devil won that day."
http://www.proaxis.com/~pharmon/crtl/articles/babyparts.html
Secrets of the Dead-Baby Industry
Aborted fetuses are being dissected alive, harvested and sold in pieces to fuel a vast research enterprise
by CELESTE MCGOVERN
The doctor walked into the lab and set a steel pan on the table. "Got you some good specimens," he said. "Twins." The technician looked down at a pair of perfectly formed 24-week-old fetuses moving and gasping for air. Except for a few nicks from the surgical tongs that had pulled them out, they seemed uninjured. "There's something wrong here," the technician stammered. "They are moving. I don't do this. That's not in my contract." She watched the doctor take a bottle of sterile water and fill the pan until the water ran up over the babies' mouths and noses. Then she left the room. "I would not watch those fetuses moving," she recalls. "That's when I decided it was wrong."
The technician uses the pseudonym "Kelly." She has her back to the camera, she wears a wig. and her voice is electronically modified because she says she fears for her life. Until a few months ago Kelly worked for a Maryland company called the Anatomic Gift Foundation. Her job was to procure fetal tissue for research. She worked at a Planned Parenthood clinic that was also a member of the National Abortion Federation. Her interview appears on the May issue of "Life Talk" video magazine—the first of a monthly series of videos released by Life Dynamics Inc., a renegade pro-life group based in Denton. Texas, that admits to having spies work in abortion clinics to uncover their most closely guarded secrets.
This week the group is releasing the documentary evidence it has gathered since Kelly approached them nearly two years ago. Life Dynamics has dozens of order forms from researchers requesting fetal parts, price lists for fetal organs and tissue, and donation consent forms for women undergoing abortion. It offers a gruesome glimpse at a vast trade in human tissue from babies that are aborted, and sometimes vivisected, to satiate the exploding multibillion-dollar biotechnology industry.
The traffic in tissue flows worldwide into respected tax-funded laboratories, including Canadian ones. The research itself is usually for laudable goals, from helping prenatal infants survive to curing Parkinson's disease. But the trade, worth billions. raises myriad ethical questions: Are some humans being killed to benefit others? Are women being exploited to support tissue collection? Who is profiting from the trade? And what are the social implications of its existence?
Once the stuff of cheap science-fiction, human clones, artificial wombs and human-animal cross-species are all now serious possibilities. Sexless procreation is already a reality with in vitro fertilization. Selective breeding of human beings is commonplace thanks to embryo screening and "genetic terminations." And human- human brain cell
"These researchers don't want to see the whole baby. That would freak them out. They think they're about higher medicine that is serving a cause — not about dead babies."
transplants are government-funded. All of these endeavours rely on aborted fetuses.
Scientists have used fetal tissue in research since at least the 1950s, says Pittsburgh researcher Suzanne Rini, author of the 1995 book Beyond Abortion: A Chronicle of Fetal Experimentation. Thirty years ago, as abortion laws were relaxing and some second- and third-trimester abortions were performed by hysterotomy (essentially a Caesarean section), experiments on live fetuses were cutting-edge technology. Geoffrey Chamberlain received a professional award for research (outlined in the March 1968 issue of The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology) in which he took live aborted fetuses, attached them to an artificial placenta, perfused them to see if he could make them live, and then pulled the plug on them. No one objected.
It was shortly after that article, Mrs. Rini notes, that the Cambridge Evening Post featured a story on Lawrence Lawn, a physician who did manage to provoke controversy when it was learned that he was procuring live fetuses from a private abortion clinic. "We are simply allowing something which is destined for the incinerator to benefit mankind," he said, obliging a photographer with a picture of himself standing next to a dying fetus suspended in a perfusion tank. Yet even Dr. Lawn believed there were limits. "Of course we would not dream of experimenting with a viable child. We would not consider that to be right."
With the decriminalization of abortion in the 1970s, fetal research became, in the words one ethicist, a "golden opportunity for researchers. The public almost never heard about fetal experimentation. But by the 1980s, some of the most macabre research was being publicly funded. Mrs. Rini catalogues experiments ranging from the perfusion of impaled beating fetal hearts with adrenaline and caffeine to eye-tissue transplants and skin grafting. Dr. Bernard Gondos of the University of Connecticut at Farmington, whose research on fetal gonads described most of his specimens as "previable dead," lamented having to import fetuses from outside the United States. Dr. Karen Holbrook of the University of Washington received a $259.740 grant in 1984-85 for her work on "Fetal Skin Biology" using first-, second- and third trimester human fetuses. She told Mrs. Rini: "Hopefully they are not born alive. It's better to avoid that. The skin is taken after fetal demise." Asked it the skin diseases she was trying to diagnose prenatally were fatal, Dr. Holbrook replied, "No, but they ruin your life."
By the 1980s transplants had become entrenched, and fetal tissue, which grows quickly and is less likely to trigger an immune reaction in a host, became even more coveted. Fetal tissue transplants became part of efforts to treat diabetes, Huntington's disease, blindness, spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease, leukemia and more. In 1988, U.S. president George Bush banned federal funding of fetal human-to-human transplants. This move was widely mistaken for a ban on all fetal tissue research; in fact, most such research carried on unimpeded.
In any case, Bill Clinton's first official act as president in 1993 was to strike down the ban. People were demanding to be "treated" with fetuses. California lawyer Joan Samuelson had founded the Parkinson Action Network (PAN) in 1990 to lobby for an end to the moratorium. "Will lifting the ban save us in time?" she asked when it was abolished, and she began lobbying for an accelerated grant review process for fetal-tissue transplant research.
Transplants of brain tissue from young fetuses (usually aborted at less than 10 weeks) into Parkinson's sufferers have attracted the most public attention to fetal tissue research. In 1990 the results of Olle Lindvall's research team's transplants into four Swedish patients were hailed as "promising" because one recipient appeared to have benefited remarkably. The other patients were not monitored long enough to determine the grafts' effects.
Neuroscientists presenting findings at the XIII International Congress on Parkinson's Disease in Vancouver last month sounded optimistic, but their data was not the knockout blow Parkinson's researchers have been hoping for. Thomas Freeman of the University of South Florida reported that 360 patients have received human tissue transplants in 17 centres worldwide to date. But the variables researchers use to evaluate success differ so widely as to be incomparable, so he focused on the results of his own "open trial" on six patients, which he admitted was open to placebo effects and observer bias.
The only fetal tissue transplant study to be performed with a control group so far was published in April by Curt Freed of the University of Colorado and Stanley Fahn of Columbia Presbyterian. They followed two sets of patients: those who actually received neural fetal cells and those who had their heads opened for a sham surgery in an attempt to eliminate the placebo effect. Although the Medical Post headlined the research story "Parkinson's progress," and the New York Times proclaimed, "Hints of success in fetal cell transplants," Dr. Paul Ranalli, a professor of neurology at the University of Toronto, calls the research "hugely unimpressive." The only benefits were bestowed on patients under age 60, he notes, and the vast majority of Parkinson's patients are senior citizens. Even in those cases, he adds, "a magnifying glass is required to discern any functional benefit."
What is more, Dr. Fahn told the Vancouver congress that he was disturbed by an unexpected outcome of the trial: facial "runaway dyskinesias" (involuntary muscle movements) which were particularly
"We'd ship tissue by FedEx or UPS. Sometimes it was intact fetuses, or it might be a batch of eyes, or 30-40 livers, or thymuses. Whatever it was, there were mass quantities of it going out."
younger patients. Other researchers have noted similar findings, says Dr. Freeman. As with drugs, there could be a dose at which fetal cells "may be harmful," he said.
Procedures on more Parkinson's patients will help clarify these findings. Dr. Freeman told the attendees that Canada is leading the way in these experiments, primarily at the lab of Dr. Ivar Mendez at Dalhousie University in Halifax. Dr. Mendez. who declined an interview last week, received a $90,042 grant from the Medical Research Council of Canada for 1999-2000. His transplant data is anticipated soon.
At the advent of the new millennium it is "pleuripotent" embryonic stem cells that are at the forefront of fetal tissue research. Ethicists are already distinguishing between using human embryos "left over" from in vitro fertilization and humans created specifically for research. "Farmed" embryos are capable of differentiating into many types of tissue and are being hailed as new sources for whole organs for donation, and for human clones.
As bright as all the research may sound, others discern a darker side. There is no law on fetal tissue collection—only guidelines. Researchers are free to hold to them or ignore them. And where laws do exist—such as the ones against infanticide and the sale of human tissue—there are ways around them, and they are sometimes broken outright.
Kelly explains that the Planned Parenthood abortion clinic she was working in received a service fee from the Anatomic Gift Foundation for its tissue "donations." "We were never employees of the abortion clinic," she explains. "We would have a contract with an abortion clinic that would allow us to go in...[to] procure fetal tissue for research. We would get a generated list each day to tell us what tissue researchers, pharmaceuticals and universities were looking for. Then we would go and look at the particular patient charts—we had to screen out anyone who had STDs or fetal anomalies. These had to be the most perfect specimens we could give these researchers for the best value that we could sell for." Probably only 10% of fetuses were ruled out for anomalies, she adds. The rest were "healthy donors."
Fetuses ranged in age from seven weeks to 30 weeks and beyond. Typically Kelly harvested tissue from 30 to 40 "late" fetuses each week. "We were taking eyes, livers, brains, thymuses, and especially cardiac blood…even blood from the limbs that we would get from the veins," she says.
Researchers used their own shipping firms—"UPS, FedEx or a special courier," she adds. "We would take it in a box and put it on as regular cargo. Sometimes it would be an intact fetus or it might be a batch of eyes or 50 to 40 livers going out that day, or thymuses. Whatever it was, there were mass quantities of it going out." To support this claim, Life Dynamics provides copies of dozens of order forms for fetal parts from North American researchers. They contain names of researchers, universities and pharmaceutical companies, day and evening telephone numbers, courier account numbers, the type of tissue requested, preferred gestational age of the fetus, and other details.
A sample, from a scientist studying the "Biochemical Characterization of human type X Collagen," requests "Whole intact leg, include entire hip joint, 22-24 weeks gest." The extractor is directed to "dissect by cutting through symphasis pubis and include whole Illium [hip joint]. To be removed from fetal cadaver within 10 minutes."
One order form carries the name of the University of British Columbia's Dr. Vanugram Venkatesh alongside a request for an international FedEx shipment of "16-24 week lungs (trachea not required)" to study "molecular mechanisms of fluid reabsorption in human fetal lung." "Significance: Respiratory Distress Syndrome...a major cause of death in premature infants." The memo adds: "Bill our account."
Contacted last week at his Vancouver office. Dr. Vankatesh said that he did do research on immature lungs two years ago with a Medical Research Council grant, at the B.C. Children's Hospital. But he added, "I don't do that anymore," Asked if he used human tissue, he replied. "Yeah." then changed his mind. "Well, we were doing genetics mainly...Where are you getting your information? We were using cell lines." Asked if he had ever ordered fetal lungs from the U.S., he said, "I have to go," and hung up abruptly.
On their video, Life Dynamics asks Kelly if the abortionist at the clinic ever deliberately altered procedure to procure tissue. "Yes," she replies. "All the limbs, the arms, the head, the chest cavity were never invaded. They were all completely intact, Sometimes, the fetus appeared to be dead, but when you'd open up the chest cavity you'd see the heart beating."
The clinic used the partial-birth abortion technique for later pregnancies: the doctor grasps hold of a fetus leg with tongs and pulls the entire baby, except for the head, feet-first and face down out of the mother. Then he punctures the base of the skull with scissors, inserts a cannula to suck out the brain, and slides the head out. It is a three-day procedure requiring that women be inserted with laminaria, seaweed cervix dilators, beforehand.
"All the limbs, the arms, the head, the chest cavity were never invaded. They were all completely intact. Sometimes the fetuses appeared to be dead, but when you would open the chest cavity you'd see the heart beating."
Were women ever coerced into the procedure? Kelly says that sometimes, before the final surgery, on the third day "you could blatantly hear them in the halls saying they wanted to change their minds." But they were sedated, in what Kelly calls a "Nyquil nap," which made it difficult to protest. Sometimes the IV was turned up; in any case, the woman always had the abortion.
Routinely, the women would go into labour before the final surgery. "They were coming out alive," says Kelly. Aside from the incident with the twins, she says, there were three to four live births in a typical two-week period. "The doctor would either break the neck or take a pair of tongs and basically beat the fetus until it was dead."
As incredible as Kelly's testimony seems, other sources corroborate it. Eric Harrah worked in the abortion industry for 11 years, leaving it 18 months ago. He managed and owned or partially owned 26 American abortion clinics. Live births, he tells Life Dynamics, were the industry's "dirty little secret." "It was always very disturbing, so the doctor would try to conceal it from the rest of the staff," he says, but one incident is hard for him to forget.
The woman in question was 26 weeks pregnant. She had laminaria inserted, signed paperwork agreeing not to call anyone but the clinic if she went into labour, and was sent to a motel up the road to await her procedure the next day. She was brought to the clinic in the middle of the night, carrying her fetus in a white cotton hotel towel.
"I was in the scrub room when I saw the towel move," says Mr. Harrah. "A nurse said, 'Eric, you're just tired. It's three in the morning.' Then we both looked and a little baby's arm raised up out of the towel and was moving like a newborn baby. I screamed and ran out. The doctor came in and closed the door and when we went back in to process the baby out of the clinic into the lab, [the baby] had a puncture wound in his chest."
Evidence for the demand for late-term fetal tissue can be corroborated apart from Life Dynamics. The National Institutes for Health operate a Laboratory for Embryology at the university of Washington in Seattle that runs a 24 hour collection service at abortion clinics. An advertisement in the March 1994 NIH Guide still appears on the Internet, offering to "supply tissue from normal or abnormal embryos and fetuses of desired gestational ages between 40 days and term. Specimens are obtained within minutes of passage...and immediately processed according to the requirements of individual investigators...Specimens are shipped by overnight express."
Mark Crutcher, president of Life Dynamics, is now convinced that the research demand for intact late-term fetal organs is the hidden truth behind the partial-birth abortion controversy. In state after state this year, partial-birth abortion bans written into state laws by legislatures have been vehemently opposed by pro-choice groups and overturned by courts. "Why do pro-aborts fight so hard to keep it?" asks Mr. Crutcher. "All it says is you can't kill them by this method. It doesn't prevent them from getting any other kind of abortion. This is about maximizing profits. First, you sell the woman an abortion. Then you turn around and sell the dead baby you take out of her. But you have to take it out whole or you don't have anything to sell."
"It has nothing to do with the woman's right to choose or with protecting the sanctity of the right of abortion," agrees Mr. Harrah. "It has everything to do with protecting the sanctity of the fullness of the abortionists wallet. This is the only type of abortion procedure that doesn't cost them to get rid of the dead baby. They actually make money."
Apart from abortionists and the wholesalers who traffic in aborted baby parts (see story, page 34), who stands to profit from this fetal research? Of the pharmaceutical companies sponsoring it, Mr. Crutcher says: "I don't think there's one that's not involved." He surmises they are investing in the future. Baby boomers are aging, and about to start falling apart. A practical treatment for Parkinson's would be lucrative. "Just look at Viagra," says Mr. Crutcher. (In Canada alone, the little blue impotence pill sold 20,600 prescriptions worth $1.55 million in its first week on the market). "That's just a hint of the fortunes awaiting drug manufacturers pandering to boomers' quest for youth. They're the wealthiest generation in the history of the world. And also the most narcissistic. They want to live forever." And fetuses are the new human scrap heap. Says Mr. Crutcher: "We're going to kill the very young to treat the very old."
Perhaps, but Mrs. Rini offers hope of a wrinkle in the plan. "Does the fetus' aliveness, which is coveted by researchers, and ability to sponsor life for others, ironically but actually prove the fetus' own life?" she writes. She cites ethicist Paul Ramsey: "Far from abortion settling the question of fetal research, it could be that sober reflection on the use of the human fetus in research could unsettle the abortion issue."
Steven Bamforth is a geneticist who operates a fetal tissue repository at the University of Alberta Hospital in Edmonton. He and his researchers have the difficult task of sorting through 10- to 12-week fetal remains from abortion clinics in Edmonton and Winnipeg, dissecting recognizable body parts for hearts and eyes. extracting messenger ribonucleic acid and shipping it to other geneticists at the Universities of Toronto and British Columbia. "The humanity is always before us," Dr. Bamforth told this magazine last year. "If society said this research is not acceptable, of course, we would immediately desist. It's not something that I do happily." •
http://www.fathersforlife.org/articles/report/harvestchild.htm