[Sherman Logan]

The 1790 law did not prohibit immigration of the groups listed, only their naturalization as citizens.

It wasn’t until 1875 that immigration of even convicts was prohibited.

[muawiyah]

When the US/Canada boundary was finally determined occupants finding themselves on the wrong side were allowed to chose.

That was back in the 1830s. There was no argument over "citizenship", just right to keep living where you'd lived all along or move with the border.

I think that's the last time the US failed to extend citizenship along with the right to occupy as we absorbed new territories, but citizenship and right to occupy (or immigrate) were NOT dealt with simultaneously at that early time. They were considered separate bodies of law.

[central_va]

It wasn’t until 1875 that immigration of even convicts was prohibited.

Your post makes the USA sound like it was an open country nobody was ever questioned or detained or repatriated due to a lack of passport or credential. This was not an open country ever.