One must wonder what Europeans ate before Columbus time?
Here’s a list of vegetables and fruits that were unknown to Europeans:
1. Blueberries
2. Chocolate (Cacao)
3. Corn (Maize)
4. Green Beans (and others)
5. Maple Syrup
6. Peppers (Many kinds)
7. Pineapples
8. Potatoes
9. Squashes
10. Tomatoes
11. Vanilla
12. Amaranth
13. Avocado
14. Cassava
15. Chia
16. Papaya
17. Sunflower
18. Peanut
19. Quinoa
20. Sweet Potato
21. Tomatillo
22. Cashews
23. Brazil Nuts
24. Pecans
25. Hickory Nuts
26. Black Walnuts
27. Guava
28. Strawberry
29. Persimmon
30. American Cranberry
That is a good list of new world edibles we take for granted today.
Romans would have eaten: beans, olives, peas, salads, onions, and brassicas (cabbage), meat, fish, vegetables, eggs, cheese, grains [wheat, millet, rye, oats, prepared as porridge & bread) and legumes. Meats like dormice (an expensive delicacy), hare, snails and boar. Smaller birds like thrushes were eaten as well as chickens and pheasants, clams, oysters (often farmed), octopus and most sea fish. Apples, pears, grapes, quince and pomegranate were common. Cherries, oranges, dates, lemons and oranges, honey, hard and soft cheeses.
see also: hard and soft cheeses
And don’t forget wine and beer to drink. I’m not sure about distilled spirits.