On going for walks,... Some jurisdictions are against allowing concealed or open carry and use anti-American ways of keeping residents disarmed (solicited gossip, harassment, confiscation,...). For people in such jurisdictions that do allow for carrying pepper spray, there’s a pepper spray called “Wildfire 18%” in a 4 oz. can. It says that the range is “15-18 feet” (tiny, narrow stream). It’s low cost, too. It’s easiest to get a holster for carrying the stuff, when weather doesn’t allow for a heavy coat with large pockets.
Don’t get the spray for dogs or bears. The pepper spray for use against attacking humans is much stronger.
Bear spray is the highest pain causing agent, can be stronger than level 3 human spray.
Bear 1-2% measured as major capsacinoids
Level III 1-1.33%
Level II 0.5- 1
Dog 0.35-1
Level I 0.5
Check state and local laws for carrying pepper spray, by the way. I don’t know whether or not the following is up to date.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepper_spray#United_States