The more apt reason is sub-nationalism, used by small regional political parties in India to expand their influence using the most obvious factor distinguishing different states in India: language. Names of cities like Calcutta, Bombay, Pune, Madras and Bangalore were changed either as part of policy or due to pressure from smaller regional parties, and not the influence of the large political parties.
As an English speaker, I of course preferred the former names. Wonder why they couldn’t have utilized dual names? Maybe because of the bitterness left over from colonialism? As a southerner (not bitter, however) I can understand that.
Many English speaking Indians have put me and my countrymen to shame by their outstanding English skills, which they acquired while they were quite young!