Okay - a serious question after thinking about it a bit more. It would seem that the light from the sun would “blind” and obscure being able to see an item as small as the space station. Although I guess the same would be true for Venus. I’m guessing that the optics of the telescope are better/different than the human eye? And that it is more than just magnification (probably filters I guess?)
“Eyepiece projection” produces a very nice image. This means putting a flat surface, such as white cardboard, in front of the eyepiece of a telescope ( or even one side of a binocular ) at a distance of a few feet, and adjusting the focus slightly from normal viewing.
I used this method with my Edmund Astroscan from the rooftop of my house in 2004. In addition to Venus, I was treated to the transit of a jetliner leaving nearby O’hare airport, which was rather more spectacular. The turbulence of the exhaust made a very impressive image.
It so happens that my tee time for my weekly golf league match coincides with the earliest onset of the event on Tuesday, but I plan to use a 7X35 binocular, discreetly deployed, to secure my status as a dual transit observer, weather allowing, which seems doubtful at this time. All I need is one clear patch, though, so here’s hoping.
To address the substance of your question, I would say that the brightness of the sun presents the same problem regardless of the size of the object eclipsing it, or even if the there is no eclipse at all! If you observe the sun for sunspots, for example, the brightness must be reduced so that it is presentable to the eye. If this is done, then you will be able to see sunspots, and in addition the silhouette of any object which crosses the face of the sun, whatever its size.