[Jemian]

I am a trained musician. After G, the names do start over with A. But, there is ALWAYS a higher note. It is a mathematical thing because it depends on vibrations. Just as a number can always be split into smaller numbers, so vibrations can be split into shorter vibrations, thus achieving a higher sounding note.

[lee martell]

Thanks for the explanation. In centuries past, the link between math and music was commonly known and encouraged as part of a unified course of study. Felix Mendellsohn and JS Bach (among many others) were well educated in the higher maths as well as musical theory.
Of course, you have probably known this for many years.

Bach’s Prelude & Fugue in C major BMV 846 is one of my favorite of the very simple compositions. It was meant as a learning drill for people like me, unexperienced and heavy fingered.