It’s close, but Muslims in New York may now outnumber Jews. It’s a demographic race with political implications. Analysts trying to understand why Canada, Britain, and France are moving to recognize a Palestinian state have pointed to demographic shifts and growing Muslim populations in those countries. The Canadian government reported this year that “the proportion of Canada’s population who reported being Muslim has more than doubled in 20 years,” to “4.9% (1,775,715 people) in 2021” from “2.0% (579,640 people) in 2001.” In Britain, the census reported that the Muslim population in England and Wales had soared to “3.9 million, 6.5%...