Not exactly. The thing to remember about Spain is that they were politically way behind the rest of Europe. It's hard to find political equivalencies witht the U.S.A. from that era (although now that Spain is democratic it is possible). The Anarchist movement in Spain lived on a lot longer in Spain than in the rest of Europe. Probably close to a majority of Spaniards (or more) on the Republican side were Anarchists. They used many of the slogans and forms of leftist revolutionaries but they were definitely different from the Communists. They were also too large of a movement for the communists to purge at that time.