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What is Biblical Prophecy? What Biblical Prophecy is NOT, and What It Really IS
CatholicResources.org ^ | February 12, 2012. | Felix Just, S.J., Ph.D.

Posted on 07/14/2012 10:36:38 AM PDT by Salvation

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Jewish and Christian Bibles: A Comparative Chart

Jewish and Christian Bibles: A Comparative Chart
by Felix Just, S.J., Ph.D.

Introduction:
Although the "New Testament" contains the same twenty-seven books for almost all Christians, there are some major and important differences between the "Hebrew Bible" (HB) used by Jews and different versions of the "Old Testament" (OT) used by various Christian churches and denominations:
  • The foundational texts are different:
    • Jewish Bibles are based on the HB;
    • the OT section in Christian Bibles is arranged according to the order of books in the "Septuagint" (LXX), the ancient Greek version of the Jewish scriptures;
    • however, the translations of individual OT books in Christian Bibles are now usually based on the texts of the HB.
  • The total number of biblical books is different:
    • Jews count 24, Protestants 39, Catholics 46, Orthodox Christians up to 53;
    • certain books of the HB are subdivided in the LXX; e.g., "The Twelve" minor prophets are considered one book in the HB, while the LXX and Christian Bibles count these as twelve separate books;
    • the LXX contains several additional books not found in the HB; Orthodox and Catholic Christians regard these additional books as part of the OT canon (calling them the "Deuterocanonical Books"), while Jews and most Protestant Christians do not (calling them the "Apocrypha").
  • The arrangement of the categories of books is different:
    • e.g. the "Latter Prophets" come before the "Writings" in the HB, but all the "Prophets" come after the "Wisdom" literature in the Christian OT.
      the order of the "Prophets" is also different between the LXX and the Catholic and Protestant OT.
  • The titles of some of the books are different:
    • e.g. "Samuel" of the HB is split up into "1 Kingdoms" and "2 Kingdoms" in the LXX, which are renamed "1 Samuel" and "2 Samuel" in most Christian Bibles.
  • The categorization of some books is different:
    • e.g. several of the books categorized as "Writings" in the HB are placed among the "Historical Books" or the "Prophets" in LXX and the Christian OT; the displacements of Ruth and Esther, Ezra-Nehemiah and Chronicles (1&2), and Lamentations and Daniel are indicated with highlighted colors in the chart below.
Notes:
  • HB = Hebrew Bible; LXX = Septuagint; OT = Old Testament; see my Biblical Glossary for detailed explanations of all these terms.
  • Books in CAPITALS are found in Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Bibles, but not in most Jewish or Protestant Bibles.
  • Books in Italics are also in the LXX and considered biblical by various Orthodox Christians, but NOT by Jews or most other Christians.

Comparative Chart:
 
HEBREW BIBLE
(a.k.a. Mikra or TaNaK/Tanakh)
ORTHODOX BIBLES
(based on larger versions of LXX;
exact contents & editions vary)
CATHOLIC BIBLE
(based on Alexandrian canon of LXX;
with seven Deuterocanonical books)

PROTESTANT BIBLE
(retains Catholic order, but
seven Apocrypha removed)

Torah / Books of Moses
1) Bereshit / Genesis
2) Shemot / Exodus
3) VaYikra / Leviticus
4) BaMidbar / Numbers
5) Devarim / Deuteronomy
 
Pentateuch
1) Genesis
2) Exodus
3) Leviticus
4) Numbers
5) Deuteronomy
Pentateuch (Law)
1) Genesis
2) Exodus
3) Leviticus
4) Numbers
5) Deuteronomy
Law (Pentateuch)
1) Genesis
2) Exodus
3) Leviticus
4) Numbers
5) Deuteronomy
Nevi'im / Former Prophets
6) Joshua
7) Judges
8) Samuel (1&2)
9) Kings (1&2)
 
Historical Books
6) Joshua
7) Judges
8) Ruth
9) 1 Kingdoms (= 1 Sam)
10) 2 Kingdoms (= 2 Sam)
11) 3 Kingdoms (= 1 Kings)
12) 4 Kingdoms (= 2 Kings)
13) 1 Chronicles
14) 2 Chronicles
15) 1 Esdras
16) 2 Esdras (=Erza + Nehemiah)
17)
Esther (longer version)
18) JUDITH
19) TOBIT
 
20) 1 MACCABEES
21) 2 MACCABEES
22) 3 Maccabees
23) 4 Maccabees

 
Historical Books
6) Joshua
7) Judges
8) Ruth
9) 1 Samuel
10) 2 Samuel
11) 1 Kings
12) 2 Kings
13) 1 Chronicles
14) 2 Chronicles

15) Ezra
16) Nehemiah
17) TOBIT
18) JUDITH
19) Esther (longer version)
20) 1 MACCABEES
21) 2 MACCABEES
Historical Books
6) Joshua
7) Judges
8) Ruth
9) 1 Samuel
10) 2 Samuel
11) 1 Kings
12) 2 Kings
13) 1 Chronicles
14) 2 Chronicles

15) Ezra
16) Nehemiah


17) Esther (shorter version)
Nevi'im / Latter Prophets
10) Isaiah
11) Jeremiah
12) Ezekiel
13) The Book of the Twelve:
       Hosea, Joel,
       Amos, Obadiah,
       Jonah, Micah,
       Nahum, Habakkuk,
       Zephaniah, Haggai,
       Zechariah, Malachi
 
Khetuvim / Writings
14) Psalms (150)
15) Proverbs
16) Job
17) Song of Solomon
18) Ruth
19) Lamentations
20) Ecclesiastes
21) Esther (shorter version)
22) Daniel (12 chapters)
23) Ezra-Nehemiah
24) Chronicles (1&2)
Poetic Books
24) Psalms (151)
25)    Odes (w/ Prayer of Manasseh)
26) Proverbs
27) Ecclesiastes
28) Song of Solomon
29) Job
30) WISDOM of Solomon
31) SIRACH, a.k.a. Ecclesiasticus
32) Psalms of Solomon
Wisdom Books
22) Job
23) Psalms (150)
24) Proverbs
25) Ecclesiastes
26) Song of Solomon
27) WISDOM of Solomon
28) SIRACH, a.k.a. Ecclesiasticus
Wisdom Books
18) Job
19) Psalms (150)
20) Proverbs
21) Ecclesiastes
22) Song of Solomon
. Prophets
33) Hosea
34) Amos
35) Micah
36) Joel
37) Obadiah
38) Jonah
39) Nahum
40) Habakkuk
41) Zephaniah
42) Haggai
43) Zechariah
44) Malachi
 
45) Isaiah
46) Jeremiah
47)     BARUCH
48)     Lamentations
49)     LETTER of JEREMIAH
50) Ezekiel
51) Daniel (2 chapters listed separately):
52)     SUSANNA
53)     BEL and the DRAGON
Prophets
29) Isaiah
30) Jeremiah
31) Lamentations
32) BARUCH (incl. LETTER of JER.)
33) Ezekiel
34) Daniel (14 chapters)

35) Hosea
36) Joel
37) Amos
38) Obadiah
39) Jonah
40) Micah
41) Nahum
42) Habakkuk
43) Zephaniah
44) Haggai
45) Zechariah
46) Malachi
Prophets
23) Isaiah
24) Jeremiah
25) Lamentations
 
26) Ezekiel
27) Daniel (only 12 chapters)

28) Hosea
29) Joel
30) Amos
31) Obadiah
32) Jonah
33) Micah
34) Nahum
35) Habakkuk
36) Zephaniah
37) Haggai
38) Zechariah
39) Malachi

1 posted on 07/14/2012 10:36:47 AM PDT by Salvation
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To: nickcarraway; NYer; ELS; Pyro7480; livius; ArrogantBustard; Catholicguy; RobbyS; marshmallow; ...

Studying the propheys Ping!


2 posted on 07/14/2012 10:41:02 AM PDT by Salvation ("With God all things are possible." Matthew 19:26)
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bttt


3 posted on 07/14/2012 10:47:29 AM PDT by Matchett-PI ("A right can't come at the expense of another" ~ Walter Williams)
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To: Salvation
Contrary to what many fundamentalist preachers or late-night radio hosts would have you believe, biblical prophecy is not primarily about "predicting the future" or finding clues in the Bible that correspond to people or events in our own day and age!

Oddly enough, most "fundamentalist preachers" don't teach this, either.

4 posted on 07/14/2012 11:08:11 AM PDT by Yashcheritsiy (not voting for the lesser of two evils)
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To: Salvation

Oops

Studying the prophets Ping!


5 posted on 07/14/2012 11:39:03 AM PDT by Salvation ("With God all things are possible." Matthew 19:26)
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To: Yashcheritsiy

Nevertheless, a good foundational piece.


6 posted on 07/14/2012 11:40:14 AM PDT by Salvation ("With God all things are possible." Matthew 19:26)
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To: Yashcheritsiy
There are only two kinds of prophecy in the Bible. Prophecy that HAS been fulfilled,
and prophecy that HASN'T been fulfilled.
What's so hard to understand about that?

Most of the Book of Revelation is Prophecy future.
Daniel, Isaiah, Ezekiel and many of the other prophets
as well as the New Testament clearly define prophecy
that pertains to the end times, or the Day of the Lord, or in the last days, etc.

This egghead seems to be trying to create a problem where there isn't one.

7 posted on 07/14/2012 11:57:32 AM PDT by trickyricky
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To: Salvation

It is unsurprising that a Catholic writer would deny the authenticity of the Bible. The Book of Daniel, for example, was written by Daniel during the Babylonian exile if one believes the scripture. Instead, it lists it as being written after Alexander, most probably since Daniel predicted the rise of Alexander and the splitting of his kingdom into 4.

Prophecy is indeed any message from God, but God gave to men also expectations of the future, of which Daniel’s 70 weeks was one of the greatest and most exact. Jesus also predicted the fall of Jerusalem, which would not happen until 70ad.


8 posted on 07/14/2012 1:14:49 PM PDT by RaisingCain
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To: Salvation

Salvation, have you heard of the book “Isiah 9:10”? Read about it on Spirit Daily, kind of scary.


9 posted on 07/14/2012 1:23:19 PM PDT by diamond6 (Check out: http://www.biblechristiansociety.com/home.php and learn about the faith.)
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To: Salvation
Studying the propheys Ping!

Homey likes the propheys!!! :)

10 posted on 07/14/2012 1:31:28 PM PDT by MarkBsnr (I would not believe in the Gospel, if the authority of the Catholic Church did not move me to do so.)
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To: Salvation

I did not read the whole thing because it is too long but was the telling of Jerusalem being restored in the latter days for the people back then?

We saw it happen, and even those people who don,t from nothing about the scriptures can see it.

And also
Daniel 12
1
And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince which standeth for the children of thy people: and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time: and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book.

2
And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.

3
And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever.

4
But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased.

This world has seen at least 95 percent of the increase of knowledge in our life time.

People of my age saw their dads or even older brothers walking behind horses or mules and some even did it them selves.

The famous movie stars were getting from the pacific to the Atlantic on coal powered trains or in the old cars, an old hotel in Gallup new Mexico well knew most of the stars because they had to make two or three stops en route.

Only the better off people had electricity and running water in the west even in the 1940s

No tv until 1948 or 49 and that was just for a few and commercial airlines a little later.

I believe Danial was talking about the times we live in.


11 posted on 07/14/2012 2:20:45 PM PDT by ravenwolf
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To: Salvation
Nevertheless, a good foundational piece.

Actually more lies, half-truths, distortions and sophistry from the RCC cult.

12 posted on 07/14/2012 3:17:02 PM PDT by SVTCobra03 (You can never have enough friends, horsepower or ammunition.)
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To: RaisingCain

Where did you get the idea that Catholics don’t read/deny Daniel?

It’s in my Catholic Bible. Are you sure you weren’t talking about something else. Look closely. I was surprised by it too.


13 posted on 07/14/2012 3:22:43 PM PDT by Salvation ("With God all things are possible." Matthew 19:26)
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To: RaisingCain

OK, second time through. Who doeos the writer say denies Daniel?


14 posted on 07/14/2012 3:23:41 PM PDT by Salvation ("With God all things are possible." Matthew 19:26)
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To: SVTCobra03

I don’t see half truths or I wouldn’t have posted it. Any specific?


15 posted on 07/14/2012 3:25:49 PM PDT by Salvation ("With God all things are possible." Matthew 19:26)
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To: Salvation

Immediately after the section where it makes the point about when the books were written. It lists the book of Daniel, just as an easy example, as being written after Alexander’s empire was split. It was written by Daniel during the Babylonian captivity.

Era / Century BCE
Prophetic Books [with other named Prophets]

Pre-Monarchy (13th–11th Cent.) Books of Moses, Joshua, Judges, beginning of 1 Samuel
Early/United Monarchy (10th Cent.) 1 & 2 Samuel, most of 1 Kings [incl. Nathan & Ahijah]
Divided Monarchy (9th Cent.) rest of 1 & 2 Kings [esp. Elijah & Elisha]
End of Northern Kingdom of Israel (8th Cent.) Amos, Hosea, Micah, Isaiah 1-39
End of Southern Kingdom of Judah (7th Cent.) Zephaniah, Nahum, Habakkuk, most of Jeremiah
Babylonian Exile (597/587–520 B.C.) some of Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Isaiah 40-55
Early Post-Exilic Restoration (late 6th - early 5th Cent.) Haggai, Zechariah 1-8; [also Ezra & Nehemiah]
Persian Era (5th–4th Cent.) Isaiah 56-66, Jonah, Zechariah 9-14, Obadiah, Joel, Malachi
Hellenistic Era: Ptolemies (3rd Cent.) Daniel 1-6 (more prophetic)
Hellenistic Era: Seleucids (early 2nd Cent.) Daniel 7-12 (more apocalyptic)

This is a direct contradiction of the testimony of scripture.


16 posted on 07/14/2012 4:15:00 PM PDT by RaisingCain
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To: Salvation
This article is written by a proper Jesuit. Therefore, a potentially worthwhile interpretation of his wonderfully arcane analytical thought processes could possibly be that God did not use biblical prophecy to tell man of future events, except when He did.

As a survivor of years of Scholastic training at the hands of the Benedictines, I shall be happy to interpret Jesuitical writings for 50 Drachma per line, with a 50% surcharge if the line is in a dead language. 10% discount to FReepers, of course.

As far as "Fundamentalist" preachers go, I might, "Might," I say, be tempted to sincerely doubt that this august member of The Society of Jesus has actually ever listened to one. Rather he may be setting up the "Fundamentalist Preacher" as a theological 'straw man.'

One might find it a fairly good idea to always consult a Benedictine-trained chap such as myself, et cum grano salis, when trying to wade through the abstruse theological writings of our brothers, the Jesuits.
Pax Vobiscum

17 posted on 07/14/2012 4:19:50 PM PDT by Kenny Bunk (So, Scalia, Alito, Thomas, and FU Roberts can't figure out if Obama is a Natural Born Citizen?)
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To: Kenny Bunk
One might find it a fairly good idea to always consult a Benedictine-trained chap such as myself, et cum grano salis, when trying to wade through the abstruse theological writings of our brothers, the Jesuits. Pax Vobiscum

The Jesuits, formed by St Ignatius of Loyala, to spread the Gospel and then to stem the Protestant tide with the true Faith have wavered from their original calling. They've come a long Universalist Unitarian way, baby.

18 posted on 07/14/2012 4:28:16 PM PDT by MarkBsnr (I would not believe in the Gospel, if the authority of the Catholic Church did not move me to do so.)
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To: MarkBsnr
stem the Protestant tide,

Well I'll say this for Fr. Just, S.J., Ph.D.: his article would probably get him lynched in Texas. St. Ignatius might be happy about that. But I catch your drift on the S.J.s in general. I sent one of my brighter kids to them and he came back somewhere to the Left of Trotsky and talks like Barbra Streisand.

Now about my brother ... who became a Unity minister ... splain that!

at least I can get you a deal on that bumper sticker.

19 posted on 07/14/2012 4:44:07 PM PDT by Kenny Bunk (So, Scalia, Alito, Thomas, and FU Roberts can't figure out if Obama is a Natural Born Citizen?)
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To: Salvation
They were challenging people of their own world, especially their political rulers, to remain faithful to God's commandments and/or to repent and turn back to God if they had strayed.

The folks I normally read and listen to are apt to point to the prophet's role as covenant messenger, pressing the suit of the great king (God himself, in this case) against his errant vassal people.

20 posted on 07/14/2012 6:21:43 PM PDT by Lee N. Field ("I'm so thankful for the active obedience of Christ. No hope without it." -- J. Gresham Machen)
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