I have even seen some good arguments that the so-called era of Muslim "science" was largely taken from Green, Egyptian, and Roman archives that the Muslim armies overran, and is highly over-rated, even in the "golden years."
See Jack Goldstone's great article in "Sociological Inquiry," "Cultural Orthodoxy, Risk, and Innovation."
"I have even seen some good arguments that the so-called era of Muslim "science" was largely taken from Green, Egyptian, and Roman archives...."
The so-called Golden Age of Islamic science is largely a bit of perfervid wish-fulfillment of Arab-philic Western and Islamic academics. There was a true Golden of Age of Persian mathematics in which a number seminal concepts were developed.
Science never developed in the Islamic world because it was supressed by Islamic clerics who declared the Koran to the final and complete revelation of knowledge to mankind. By contrast Science did develop in Western Christian civilization because of the doctrine developed by St. Thomas Aquinas of the Bible and the "Book of Nature" being joint revelations from God.