Sure; here in the NYC metro area when they first introduced EZ Pass some people had reservations that it could calculate your travel time between 2 points (toll plazas) and you’d be mailed a ticket for speeding if the average speed was too high. The gubmint insisted they wouldn’t use it for law enforcement purposes, then proceeded to do just that when they used it to catch two sh!tbirds driving in a stolen car days after one of them had killed the owner. They didn’t know the car had an EZ Pass gadget on it, so they were being detected going through these toll plazas in NYC/northern NJ (paying the tolls, but the scanner was reading the vehicle ID anyway). The police even admitted they’d used it to catch them, and nobody raised any questions...
This isn’t tinfoil helmet crap; cell phones are working the same way now. Some unassimilated minorities were driving on a highway up here, and one called the police to say he’d seen their vehicle and someone was brandishing a weapon or something. The idea was that the police would stop the vehicle and the dirtbags would collect millions of dollars in a “racial profiling incident”. However, the police were able to prove (I believe it was through cell towers combined with tracking of the SIM card?) that the call had originated from the vehicle, and their “get rich quick” scheme fell apart. Apparently just turning the phone off didn’t prevent it from being traced; the card had to be removed from it...