From what little I know, they can measure the growth and health of a tree which tells something about the rainfall or dormacy of the tree. But do you know how they calculate to a degree what the temp was for a certain time period?
I could use some knowledge here.
There are many things that can affect tree growth (and therefore ring width). Among them are:
The standard analytical process seems to involve an attempt to normalize some of the factors, including serial correlations (normal year-over-year deviations) and locational persistency.
There are so many factors at play here and such a large standard deviation derived from statistically significant samples that one begins to understand the desire of researchers to take "shortcuts" - by which I mean making blanket assumptions that reduce variability to a tolerance within which they are comfortable drawing conclusions.
It's only my opinion, but that might not be the best method for drawing conclusions that involve the potential expenditure of trillions of dollars and which might affect billions of lives.