A warrant for the arrest of Taney may have been issued, but he was not actually arrested or jailed.
Actually it wasn't even issued. When I read "Lincoln and Chief Justice Taney", I took the chance to email James Simon and tell him how much I enjoyed his book. I also asked him if he had found any evidence of any attempt to arrest Taney by Lincoln or anyone else. His answer was a definitive 'no', he had found no evidence at all supporting the claim.