Does the article account for the fact that perhaps some of the low-income kids have these prefrontal abnormalities because of their mom’s substance abuse during pregnancy?
Of course not.
Exactly. Substance abuse by both the mother AND the father can affect childrens' brains. There is a high incidence of children who suffer Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in the Native American population. I'm sure it is a factor in other low income children, as well.
“Does the article account for the fact that perhaps some of the low-income kids have these prefrontal abnormalities because of their mom’s substance abuse during pregnancy?”
Now, now. You’re not supposed to go there. That would destroy their point - it’s all about LACK of money that they are this way.