[Alter Kaker]

I know that we have "discovered" them and they are indeed new to us. But how have they been seen to 'evolve'? I know that species are able to 'adapt' to severe environments. But as to actually observing them (especially higher life forms)actually changing in to something else?

Absolutely, we have observed evolution in action, in countless fields. If you're talking about observed speciation, there have been a number of such incidences. Here are a few examples:

# A new species of mosquito, the molestus form isolated in London's Underground, has speciated from Culex pipiens (Byrne and Nichols 1999; Nuttall 1998).

# Helacyton gartleri is the HeLa cell culture, which evolved from a human cervical carcinoma in 1951. The culture grows indefinitely and has become widespread (Van Valen and Maiorana 1991).

# Several new species of plants have arisen via polyploidy (when the chromosome count multiplies by two or more) (de Wet 1971). One example is Primula kewensis (Newton and Pellew 1929).

[numberonepal]

Let's not forget all the virii that seem to evolve from one generation to the next.

[Sweetjustusnow]

# A new species of mosquito, the molestus form isolated in London's Underground, has speciated from Culex pipiens (Byrne and Nichols 1999; Nuttall 1998).

How do they know that it changed from one form in to another. Isn't this just another case of adaptation and discovery?

This is interesting dialog and I appreciate it. Alas, I have to go feed some cows and get some chores done, but, I'll check back and see if you've posted anything else.