RE: The South pre 1960, can we say with authority that every white wanted and every black hated “separate but equal”?
No, I can’t say that. But there were darn few blacks in the mobs protesting the end of segregation.
A true policy of “separate but equal” or, to use the Afrikaans, apartheid, is in theory consistent with American ideas of equality.
But of course in practice they are inherently unequal, and in general are set up by the dominant group to keep the oppressed group unequal.