Insurance companies for now - everyone who can pay MUST pay. The "fine" or "tax" goes directly to the IRS.
Business will probably drop their coverage because it's cheaper to pay the fine. That will cause the insurance companies to go bankrupt. Government care will be the only care available after that. That's why the fines are so low. They're creating another "crises" by driving insurance companies out of business.
You mean "Government Insurance" (not care) will be the only insurance available.
Insurance companies go away. (I've not used medical insurance for many years, choosing instead to pay for services rendered.) Most everyone pays the "penalty" and chooses their own health care paying the old-fashion way, not insurance, but fee for services rendered, eliminating the insurance middleman altogether.
I would not want to be employed by a medical insurance provider at this point.