I. CHINA

Overview

Direct Sources

  1. Federation of American Scientists, China, "Institutional Trends," June 18, 1998.
  2. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, "China’s Strategic Nuclear Weapons," Chinese Views of Future Warfare, Institute for National Strategic Studies, Michael Pillsbury, 1989
  3. Ibid, FAS, Beijing
  4. Ibid, FAS, Beijing
  5. CRS96-889 "China: Commission of Science, Technology, and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND) and Defense Industries," Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Shirley A. Kan, December 3, 1997.
  6. Ibid, FAS, Beijing
  7. Ibid FAS, Beijing
  8. Ibid FAS, Beijing
  9. Ibid, CRS96-889
  10. Ibid, CRS96-889
  11. Ibid, CRS96-889

 

CHINA

Adherence To Treaties And Agreements

Direct Sources
  1. Ibid, FAS
  2. CRS94-422S, "Chinese Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control Policies: Implications and Options for the United States," Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service, Robert G. Sutter, Senior Specialist In International Politics, Office of Senior Specialists, March 24, 1994.
  3. Ibid
  4. CRS94-92F, "China: Current U.S. Sanctions," Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Kerry Dumbaugh, Specialist in Asian Affairs with the Assistance of James Casey Sullivan, Office of Senior Specialists, Updated April 14, 1995.
  5. Ibid, CRS94-442S
  6. CRS92056: "Chinese Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Current Policy Issues," Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Shirley A. Kan, June 1, 1998.
  7. Ibid, CRS90256
  8. CRS98-485 F, "China: Possible Missile Technology Transfers from U.S. Satellite Export Policy - Background and Chronology," Congressional Research Service, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Shirley A. Kan, June 12, 1998.
  9. Ibid, CRS94-442S
  10. Ibid, CRS94-442S
  11. CRS94002: "China-U.S. Relations," Congressional Research Service, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Kerry Dumbaugh, November 25, 1996.
  12. Ibid, CRS-94002
  13. Ibid, CRS-94002
  14. Ibid, CRS94-442S, CRS94-92F, CRS94002
  15. Ibid, CRS-94002
  16. Ibid, CRS-94002
  17. Ibid, CRS94-92F, CRS94002
  18. Ibid, CRS94002
  19. Ibid, CRS-94002
  20. Ibid, CRS-94002
  21. Ibid, CRS94-92F, CRS92056, CRS94002
  22. Ibid, CRS94002
  23. Ibid, CRS94-92F, CRS94002
  24. Ibid, CRS94056
  25. Ibid, CRS94002
  26. Ibid, CRS-94002
  27. Ibid, CRS-94002
  28. Ibid, CRS92056
  29. Ibid, CRS92056
  30. Ibid, CRS94002
  31. Ibid, CRS94-92F, CRS94002
  32. Ibid, CRS92056
  33. Ibid, CRS92056
  34. Ibid, CRS92056
  35. Ibid, CRS92056
  36. Ibid, CRS92056, CRS94002
  37. Ibid, CRS92056
  38. Ibid, CRS92056
  39. Ibid, CRS94002
  40. Ibid, CRS94002
  41. Ibid, CRS92056
  42. Ibid, CRS92056
  43. Ibid, CRS92056
  44. Ibid, CRS92056
  45. Ibid, CRS92056
  46. Ibid, CRS92056
  47. Ibid, CRS92056
  48. Ibid, CRS92056
  49. Ibid, CRS92056
  50. Ibid, CRS92056
  51. Ibid, CRS92056
  52. Ibid, CRS92056
  53. Ibid, CRS92056
  54. Ibid, CRS92056
  55. Ibid, CRS92056
  56. Ibid, CRS92056
  57. Ibid, CRS92056
  58. Ibid, CRS92056
  59. Ibid, CRS92056
  60. CRS98018: "China-U.S. Relations," Congressional Research Services, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Kerry Dumbaugh, June 5, 1998.
  61. Ibid, CRS98018
  62. Ibid, CRS98018

Additional Sources

  • CRS980817, "CHINA: CURRENT U.S. SANCTIONS, US-China Relations," Congressional Research Services, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Kerry Dumbaugh, Updated July 17, 1998.

  • Decision Brief No. 98-D 21, "China: Will It Become the West's Next Great Adversary?" Publications of the Center for Security Policy, February 4, 1998.

  • NE-ASIA "Goals & Interests" Summary Statement

 

INTELLIGENCE WARNINGS

FBI Warns of China’s Attempt to Influence Elections

Direct Sources:

 

  1. The New York Times, Warning on China Given in 1995, Senator Says," by Eric Schmitt, March 17, 1997.

  2. Ibid

  3. The New York Times, "FBI Rebuffed White House Request for Information on China" By David Johnston, March 25, 1997.

  4. Ibid, New York Times, Schmitt

  5. Ibid, New York Times, Schmitt

  6. Ibid, New York Times, Johnston

  7. Ibid, New York Times, Johnston

  8. Ibid, New York Times, Johnston

  9. The Washing Post, "FBI Warned 6 on Hill About China Money," By Brian Duffy and Bob Woodward, March 9, 1997.

  10. Ibid, Duffy and Woodward

  11. Ibid, Duffy and Woodward

  12. Ibid, Duffy and Woodward

  13. Ibid, Duffy and Woodward

  14. Ibid, Duffy and Woodward

Additional Sources:

  • The New York Times, "FBI Warned of Donations From China, Senator Says," by Robert Pear, March 10, 1997.

  • GAO/NSIAD-96-20, "Personnel Security: Pass and Security Clearance Data for the Executive Office of the President," Letter Report, November 10, 1995.

 

FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Riady / Lippo / Overview

Direct Sources:

1. The Washington Post, "Indonesian Family Forged Tight Arkansas Links a Decade Ago," By Susan Schmidt and Michael Weisskopf , October 20, 1996.

2. The New York Times, "Riadys Sought U.S. Bank Deal Before Inquiries," April 24, 1997.

3. The Washington Post, "The Riadys' Persistent Pursuit of Influence," by Sharon LaFraniere, John Pomfret and Lena H. Sun, May 27, 1997.

4. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

5. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

6. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

6a. Timperlake, Edward and Triplett, II, William C., "Year of the Rat, How Bill Clinton Compromised U.S.

Security for Chinese Cash," Regnery Publishing, Inc., 1998, 98-42168, P. 12.

7. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf, and LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

8. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

9. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

10. Ibid, New York Times, and LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

11. Ibid, New York Times

12. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

13. Ibid, New York Times, and LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

14. The Washington Times, "While Lippo Eyed Vietnam, Huang Pushed at Commerce," Jerry Seper, December, 1996.

15. The New York Times, "Indonesian and Clinton Talked Policy, White House Says," by Stephen Labaton, November 5, 1996.

16. The Washington Post, "Tracing Lippo Empire's Campaign Links," by Lena H. Sun, July 7, 1997

17. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

18. Ibid, Labaton

19. Ibid, Labaton

20. Ibid, Labaton

21. Ibid, Labaton

22. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

23. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

24. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

25. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

26. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

27. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

28. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

29. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

30. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

31. Ibid, Labaton

32. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

33. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, and Sun

34. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

35. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

36. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

37. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

38. Ibid, Schmidt and Weisskopf

 

Additional Sources:

  • The New York Times, "Clinton, Arkansas Have Strong Ties to Indonesian Family," by Jeff Gerth, October 17, 1996.
  • The Washington Post, "Findings Link Clinton Allies to Chinese Intelligence," by Bob Woodward, February 10, 1998.
  • The Washington Post Campaign Finance Page, Key Player, The Lippo Group.
  • Public Broadcasting Systems (pbs.org) FRONTLINE's "Washington's Other Scandal."
  • The New York Times, "China Protests U.S. 'Leaks' on Funds," by Steven Erlanger, March 29, 1997.
  • National Review, "Selling Out?" by Rich Lowry, March 24, 1997.
  • The Washington Post, "Hubbell Meetings With Riady Draw Probers' Scrutiny," by Susan Schmidt, March 23, 1997.
  • The New York Times, "Some Democratic Fund-Raisers Say They Sold Access to Clinton," by Don Van Natta, Jr., February 26, 1997.
  • The New York Times, "The 'Asian Money' Machine Stirs Old Fears in America," by David E. Sanger, January 4, 1997.
  • The New York Times, "Donor's Actions Raise New Questions on Buying Access to President," by Stephen Labaton, December 27, 1996.
  • The Washington Post, "Hubbell Meetings With Riady Draw Probers' Scrutiny," by Susan Schmidt, March 23, 1997.
  • The New York Times, "Democratic Official Admits Less Scrutiny of Donations," by Richard L. Berke, November 2, 1996.
  • The New York Times, "A Family's Business Formula: Location, Location, Connections," by Seth Faison, October 20, 1996
  • The New York Times, "Democrats Say They’ll Return 1.5 Million More," by Stephen Labaton, March 1, 1997.

 

III. FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Johnny Huang

Direct Sources:

  1. The Washington Post, "Campaign Finance Key Player: John Huang."
  2. Ibid
  3. Ibid
  4. The New York Times, "Democrats Say They’ll Return 1.5 Million More," by Stephen Labaton, March 1, 1997.
  5. Ibid, Labaton
  6. Ibid, Labataon, Washington Post (Key Player)
  7. Ibid, Labaton
  8. Ibid, Washington Post (Key Player)
  9. Ibid, Labaton
  10. The Washington Times, "FBI Probes Classified Papers’ Move For DNC Links," by Jerry Seper, February 14, 1997.
  11. The Washington Times, "Solomon Seeks Details As Number Of Huang Briefings Rises," by Jerry Seper, May, 1997.
  12. The Los Angeles Times, "Boosts From Above Aided Huang’s Rise Up The Ladder," by Alan C. Miller, April 12, 1997.
  13. Ibid, Miller
  14. The Stars and Stripes, "’93 Lippo Letter Renews Hill Scrutiny of Move to End Viet Embargo," by Mark Allen Peterson, December 9-15, 1996.
  15. Ibid, Labaton
  16. Ibid, Peterson
  17. Ibid, Peterson
  18. Ibid, Peterson
  19. Associated Press, "Huang Raised Funds Before Leaving The Commerce Department," by James Rowley, February 18, 1997.
  20. Ibid, Seper, Rowley
  21. Ibid, Seper
  22. Ibid, Seper
  23. Ibid, Seper
  24. Ibid, Washington Post (Key Player)
  25. Ibid, Washington Post (Key Player)

 

Additional Sources:

  • The Los Angeles Times, "Huang Accused of Espionage--Solomon Says Fund Raiser Shared Classified Information to Lippo Group," June 13, 1997.

  • MSNBC, "Huang May Have Passed Trade Secrets," Robert Windrem, June 10, 1997.

  • The New York Times, "Letters Show How Indonesian Donor Family Lobbied Clinton," by Alison Mitchell, December 3, 1996

  • The Washington Times, "Commerce Department Queried on Lippo, Vietnam Policy," by Jerry Seper, November 27, 1996

  • The Washington Post, "Clinton Fund-Raiser Huang to Offer Guilty Plea," by Edward Walsh and Roberto Suro, May 26, 1999.

 

III. FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Changes In Policy Towards Vietnam

Direct Sources:

  1. The Washington Post, "The Riadys' Persistent Pursuit of Influence," by Sharon LaFraniere, John Pomfret and Lena H. Sun, May 27, 1997.

  2. The Washington Times, "Commerce Department Queried on Lippo, Vietnam Policy," by Jerry Seper, November 27, 1996.

  3. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, Sun

  4. Ibid, LaFraniere, Pomfret, Sun

  5. The Washington Times, "Clinton Says Lippo Letter Didn't Sway Hanoi Policy," Jerry Seper and Paul Bedard, December, 1996.

  6. The New York Times, "Letters Show How Indonesian Donor Family Lobbied Clinton," Alison Mitchell, Dec. 3, 1996.

  7. Ibid, Seper and Bedard

  8. Ibid, Mitchell

  9. The Washington Times, "While Lippo Eyed Vietnam, Huang Pushed at Commerce," Jerry Seper, December, 1996.

  10. Ibid, Seper and Bedard

  11. Ibid, Seper

  12. Ibid, Seper

 

Additional Sources:

  • The Los Angeles Times, "Huang Accused of Espionage--Solomon Says Fund Raiser Shared Classified Information to Lippo Group," June 13, 1997.

  • MSNBC, "Huang May Have Passed Trade Secrets," Robert Windrem, June 10, 1997.

  • H1534: "COSCO: A COMMUNIST CHINESE-OWNED COMPANY," House of Representatives, Rep. Cunningham, April 15, 1997.

  • The Washington Times, "Secrecy on Riady Letters Ripped, Solomon Warns of More Scrutiny," Jerry Seper and Paul Bedard, December, 1996.

  • The New York Times, "Letters Show How Indonesian Donor Family Lobbied Clinton," Alison Mitchell, Dec. 3, 1996.

 

III. FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument

Direct Sources:

  1. THE WHITE HOUSE, Office of the Press Secretary, (Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona), For Immediate Release, September 18, 1996, REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT IN MAKING ENVIRONMENT ANNOUNCEMENT, Outside El Tovar Lodge, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona 12:10 P.M. MST

  2. 105th Congress, 2nd Session, House Report 105 825, October 16, 1998, Report of the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, "Monumental Abuse: The Clinton Administration’s Campaign of Misinformation in the Establishment of the Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument."

  3. Ibid 105-825

  4. Ibid, 105-825

  5. Ibid, 105-825

  6. Ibid, 105-825

  7. Ibid, 105-825

  8. Ibid, 105-825

  9. Ibid, 105-825

  10. Ibid, 105-825

  11. Lippo Group Web Page,

  12. Straights Resources Limited 1996 Annual Report

  13. Asia-Pacific Center

  14. China Energy Resources Web Page, CHG,

  15. Ibid, CHG

  16. HR3830, "UTAH SCHOOLS AND LAND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1998," Senate, October 9, 1998.

  17. Ibid, 105-825

  18. Ibid, 105-825

  19. STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS, "The National Monument Public Participation Act of 1999," Senate, Mr. Craig, March 25, 1999.

 

FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Loral, Hughes, and Chung

Direct Sources:

  1. The American Spectator, "Partners in Crime (What China Got for it's Money)," Kenneth R. Timmerman, August, 1999.

  2. The Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo? A China Chronology," May 22, 1998.

  3. CRS94-92F, "China: Current U.S. Sanctions," Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Kerry Dumbaugh, Specialist in Asian Affairs with the Assistance of James Casey Sullivan, Office of Senior Specialists, Updated April 14, 1995.

  4. Ibid, CRS94-92F

  5. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  6. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  7. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  8. GAO/T-NSIAD-98-211, "Export Controls: Issues Related to the Export of Communications Satellites," July 17, 1998.

  9. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  10. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  11. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  12. Washington Post, "CIA Role in Satellite Case Spurs Probe, A failed Chinese satellite launch in February 1996 (Reuters)," By Vernon Loeb and John Mintz, December 5, 1998.

  13. Ibid, CRS94-92F

  14. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  15. Ibid, Loeb and Mintz

  16. Washington Post, "Panel Faults Space Aid to China," by John Mintz, December 31, 1998.

  17. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  18. Washington Post, "Not Chinese Agent, Chung Says," by Robert Suro, May 12, 1999.

  19. Washington Post, "President Overrode China Launch Concerns, " by Robert Suro and John F. Harris, May 23, 1998.

  20. Ibid, Suro and Harris

  21. Ibid, Suro and Harris

  22. Ibid, Suro and Harris

  23. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  24. Ibid, Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo?"

  25. Ibid, CRS94-92F

  26. Washington Post, "How Hughes Got What It Wanted on China," by John Mintz, June 25, 1998.

  27. Washington Post, "2 Executives Defend Hughes's China Deals," by John Mintz, July 30, 1998.

  28. Ibid, CRS94-92F

  29. Ibid, Mintz, June 25, 1998 and July 30, 1998

  30. New York Times, "U.S. Rethinking a Satellite Deal Over Links to Chinese Military," by Jeff Gerth, June 18, 1998.

  31. Ibid, Gerth

  32. Ibid, Gerth

  33. Ibid, Gerth

  34. Ibid, Mintz, December 31, 1998.

  35. Ibid, Mintz, December 31, 1998.

  36. Ibid, Mintz, June 25, 1998.

  37. Ibid, Mintz, June 25, 1998.

  38. Ibid, Gerth

  39. Ibid, Gerth

  40. Ibid, Gerth

  41. Ibid, Gerth

  42. Ibid, Loeb and Mintz.

  43. Ibid, Loeb and Mintz.

  44. Ibid, Loeb and Mintz.

  45. Ibid, Loeb and Mintz.

  46. Ibid, Loeb and Mintz.

  47. Ibid, Gerth.

  48. Los Angeles Times, "`Change the system' on funding elections, Chung tells lawmakers," by Alan C. Miller and William C. Rempel, May 12, 1999.

  49. Washington Post, "Chung Ties Funds To DNC, " by Robert Suro and Bob Woodward, May 16, 1998.

  50. Ibid, Suro and Woodward.

  51. Ibid, Suro and Woodward.

  52. Ibid, Suro and Woodward.

  53. Ibid, Miller and Rempel.

  54. Ibid, Miller and Rempel.

  55. Ibid, Suro and Woodward.

  56. Ibid, Suro and Woodward.

  57. Ibid, Suro and Woodward.

  58. Washington Post, "Chung Alleges DNC Sought Illegal Funds," by Robert Suro, June 20, 1998.

  59. Ibid, Suro

  60. Ibid, Suro, June 20, 1998.

  61. Ibid, Suro, June 20, 1998.

  62. Ibid, Suro, May 12, 1999.

  63. Ibid, Suro, May 12, 1999.

  64. Ibid, Suro, June 20, 1998 and May 12, 1999.

  65. Ibid, Suro and Woodward.

  66. Ibid, Suro, May 12, 1999.

  67. Ibid, Suro, May 12, 1999.

  68. Ibid, Miller and Rempel.

  69. Ibid, Suro, May 12, 1999.

  70. Ibid, Suro, May 12, 1999.

  71. Ibid, Suro, May 12, 1999.

  72. Ibid, Suro, May 12, 1999.

  73. Ibid, Timmerman

Additional Sources:

  • Washington Post, "President Overrode China Launch Concerns, " by Robert Suro and John F. Harris, May 23, 1998.

 

 

 

FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Changes In Export Policy – Satellites

Direct Sources:

 

  1. CRS98-485 F, "China: Possible Missile Technology Transfers from U.S. Satellite Export Policy - Background and Chronology," Congressional Research Service, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Shirley A. Kan, June 12, 1998.

  2. Ibid

  3. Ibid

  4. GAO/NSIAD-95-82, "Export Controls: Some Controls Over Missile-Related Technology Exports To China Are Weak," Letter Report, April 17, 1995.

  5. GAO/NSIAD-97-5, "Export Controls: Sale of Telecommunications Equipment to China," Letter Report, November 13, 1996.

  6. GAO/NSIAD-97-24, "Export Controls: Change in Export Licensing Jurisdiction for Two Sensitive Dual-Use Items," Letter Report, January 14, 1997.

  7. GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208, "Export Controls: Issues Related to Commercial Communications Satellites," Testimony, June 10, 1998.

  8. Ibid, CRS98-485F

  9. GAO/T-NSIAD-98-211, "Export Controls: Issues Related to the Export of Communications Satellites," July 17, 1998.

  10. Ibid, CRS98-485F

  11. The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, Advancing U.S. Relations with Russia and the other New Independent States, April 23, 1993.

  12. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-97-5

  13. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-97-5

  14. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-97-5

  15. CRS94-92F, "China: Current U.S. Sanctions," Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Kerry Dumbaugh, Specialist in Asian Affairs with the Assistance of James Casey Sullivan, Office of Senior Specialists, Updated April 14, 1995.

  16. Ibid, CRS94-92F

  17. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-97-5

  18. GAO/T-NSIAD, "Export Controls: Change in Licensing Jurisdiction for Commercial Communications Satellites," Testimony, September 17, 1998.

  19. GAO/T-NSIAD, September 17, 1998.

  20. GAO/NSIAD94-119, "Nuclear Nonproliferation: Export Licensing Procedures for Dual-Use Items Need to Be Strengthened, Chapter Report, April 26, 1994.

  21. PDD4, National Space Transportation Policy, Section VI, August 4, 1994.

  22. Ibid, GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208 and GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208

  23. Ibid, GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208

  24. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-97-24

  25. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-95-82

  26. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-95-82

  27. Ibid, GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208

  28. Ibid, GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208

  29. The Washington Post, "Encryption Chips' Fate After Crash a Mystery," by John Mintz, July 8, 1998.

  30. Ibid, Mintz.

  31. The New York Times, "House Hears About Encoded Circuit Board Missing From Chinese Rocket," by Eric Schmitt, June 24, 1998.

  32. Ibid, Mintz.

  33. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-97-5

  34. Ibid, GAO/T-NSIAD-98-211

  35. Ibid, GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208

  36. Ibid, GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208

  37. Ibid, GAO/T-NSIAD-98-208 and GAO/T-NSIAD-98-211

  38. Executive Order #13020

  39. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-97-24

  40. Ibid, CRS98-485F

  41. CRS92056: "Chinese Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Current Policy Issues," Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Shirley A. Kan, June 1, 1998.

  42. PM26, "REPORT ON CERTIFICATION OF EXPORTING TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA SATELLITE FUELS AND SEPARATION SYSTEMS--MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT," Senate, May 11, 1999.

Related Sources:

  • The Cox Report

  • H451, THE CHINA MARKET ACCESS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES ACT OF 1999, House of Representatives, Mr. Bereuter, February 4, 1999.

  • 105-283, "China Satellite Technology Transfer: Full Committee Hearing," Senate, September 17, 1998.

  • 1997 Congressional Hearings, Special Weapons, Nuclear, Chemical, Biological and Missile, Prepared Statement of Gary Milhollin Professor, University of Wisconsin Law School; and Director, Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms Control before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Wednesday, October 8, 1997

  • GAO/NSIAD-97-128, "Export Controls: Sales of High Performance Computers to Russia's Nuclear Weapons Laboratories," Testimony, April 15, 1997.

  • GAO/NSIAD-97-4, "Export Controls: Sensitive Machine Tool Exports to China," Letter Report, November 19, 1996.

  • PM159, "REPORT RELATIVE TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA--MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT," Senate, July 10, 1996.

  • GAO/NSIAD-95-84, "National Security: Impact of China's Military Modernization in the Pacific Region," Chapter Report, June 6, 1995.

  • GAO/NSIAD-96-77, "Satellite Control Capabilities: National Policy Could Help Consolidation and Costs Savings," Letter Report, May 2, 1996.

  • GAO/NSIAD-94-48, "Military Satellite Communications: DOD Needs to Review Requirements and Strengthen Leasing Practices, Letter Report, February 24, 1994.

 

FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Changes In Export Policy – Telecommunications

Direct Sources:

 

  1. GAO/NSIAD-97-5, "Export Controls: Sale of Telecommunications Equipment to China," Letter Report, November 13, 1996.

  2. Ibid

  3. Ibid

  4. Ibid

  5. Ibid

  6. Ibid

  7. Ibid

  8. Ibid

  9. Ibid

  10. Ibid

  11. The New York Times, "Donor's Actions Raise New Questions on Buying Access to President," by Stephen Labaton, December 27, 1996.

  12. Ibid, Labaton

  13. Ibid, Labaton

  14. Ibid, Labaton

  15. Ibid, Labaton

  16. Ibid, Labaton

  17. Ibid, Labaton

  18. Ibid, Labaton

 

Additional Sources:

  • EX. ORD. NO. 12981. ADMINISTRATION OF EXPORT CONTROLS, Ex. Ord. No. 12981, Dec. 5, 1995, 60 F.R. 62981, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13020, Oct. 12, 1996, 61 F.R. 54079; Ex. Ord. No.13026, Sec. 1(b), Nov. 15, 1996, 61 F.R. 58767, William Jefferson Clinton.

 

IV. FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Changes In Export Policy – Supercomputers

Direct Sources:

  1. H1275, "China Will Stop At Nothing," House of Representatives, Mr. Traficant, March 16, 1999.

  2. GAO/NSIAD-98-200, "Export Controls: National Security Issues and Foreign Availability for High Performance Computer Exports," Letter Report, September 16, 1998.

  3. GAO/NSIAD94-119, "Nuclear Nonproliferation: Export Licensing Procedures for Dual-Use Items Need to Be Strengthened, Chapter Report, April 26, 1994.

  4. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD94-119

  5. GAO/NSIAD-97-128, "Export Controls: Sales of High Performance Computers to Russia's Nuclear Weapons Laboratories," April 15, 1997.

  6. GAO/NSIAD-98-196, "Export Controls: Information on the Decision to Revise High Performance Computer Controls," September 16, 1998.

  7. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-186

  8. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-186

  9. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-186

  10. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-186

  11. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-200

  12. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-200

  13. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-200

  14. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-200

  15. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-200

  16. No. 97-D 102, "Decision Brief," Publications of the Center for Security Policy, July 21, 1997.

  17. Ibid, GAO-NSIAD-98-200 and GAO/NSIAD-97-128

  18. S5991-92, "NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998," Senate, June 19, 1997.

  19. Ibid, S5991-92 and No. 97-D, 102

  20. NEW SUPERCOMPUTERS FOR CHINA, US Officials Denied Inspection But Approve Export Anyway!

  21. Ibid, Sofwar

  22. Ibid, Sofware

  23. Ibid

  24. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-200

  25. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-98-200

  26. Ibid, GAO/NSIAD-97-128

  27. THE WHITE HOUSE, Office of the Press Secretary, Statement by President on Supercomputers, July 1, 1999.

Additional Sources:

 

  • S2622-S2624, "UNITED STATES POLICY TOWARD THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA," Senate, Mr. Thomas, March 15, 1999.

  • E315, Extension of Remarks, "East Asia and Missile Defense Systems," from The Economist, February 20, 1999, introduced into the House of Representatives by the Hon. Doug Bereuter, March 2, 1999.

  • H.AMDT.708 AMENDS: H.R.4103, "An amendment to prohibit any funding to be used to enter into or renew a contract with any company owned, or partially owned, by the People's Republic of China or the People's Liberation Army of the People's Republic of China," House of Representatives, Rep. Sanders, June 24, 1998.

  • 1997 Congressional Hearings, Special Weapons, Nuclear, Chemical, Biological and Missile, TEXT OF REMARKS OF DR. STEPHEN D. BRYEN PREPARED FOR DELIVERY ON THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1997 TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY COMMITTEE OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

  • E1355, Extension of Remarks, "China-Related Challenges," by Dr. Stephen Bryen and Michael Ledeen, House of Representatives, June 27, 1997.

  • EX. ORD. NO. 12981. ADMINISTRATION OF EXPORT CONTROLS, Ex. Ord. No. 12981, Dec. 5, 1995, 60 F.R. 62981, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 13020, Oct. 12, 1996, 61 F.R. 54079; Ex. Ord. No.13026, Sec. 1(b), Nov. 15, 1996, 61 F.R. 58767, William Jefferson Clinton.

 

 

 

FOREIGN INFLUENCES

Changes In Export Policy – Encryption

Direct Sources:

  1. 1996 Congressional Hearings, Intelligence and Security, Summary-Testimony, House Committee on HR. 3011, William P. Cromwell, Deputy Director, National Security Agency, September 25, 1996

  2. Prepared Statement of Jamie S. Gorelick, Deputy Attorney General, Department of Justice, Before the House Judiciary Committee, RE: H.R. 3011, The Security and Freedom Through Encryption (SAFE) Act, September 25, 1996.

  3. 1997 Congressional Hearings, Intelligence and Security, The Impact of Encryption on Public Safety, Statement of Louis J. Freeh, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Before the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence United States House of Representatives, September 9, 1997.

  4. Ibid, Gorelick

  5. Ibid, Gorelick

  6. Ibid, Gorelick

  7. Ibid, Gorelick

  8. Ibid, Gorelick

  9. Ibid, Freeh

  10. 105 th Congress, Report 105-108, "Security And Freedom Through Encryption (SAFE) Act," July 25, 1997.

  11. Testimony, Honorable William A. Reinsch, Under Secretary of Commerce Export Controls and Encryption Technology, House Judiciary Committee, September 25, 1996

  12. Ibid, Reinsch

  13. Ibid, Gorelick

  14. Ibid, Gorelick

  15. Ibid, Cromwell

  16. The Washington Post, "Encryption Chips' Fate After Crash a Mystery," by John Mintz, July 8, 1998.

  17. Ibid, Mintz

  18. The New York Times, "House Hears About Encoded Circuit Board Missing From Chinese Rocket," by Eric Schmitt, June 24, 1998.

  19. Ibid, Mintz

  20. Ibid, Cromwell

  21. Testimony of the Honorable Bob Goodlatte Before the House Judiciary Committee on H.R. 3011 – the Security and Freedom Through Encryption Act, September 25, 1996.

  22. Ibid, Gorelick

  23. Ibid, Report 105-108

 

 

V. FOREIGN INFLUENCES

COSCO, Poly Technologies, Chung, Trie

Direct Sources:

 

  1. S4937: "PROHIBITING CONVEYANCE OF LAND AT LONG BEACH NAVAL STATION," Senate, Mr. Inhofe, May 15, 1998.

  2. H1534, "COSCO: A COMMUNIST CHINESE-OWNED COMPANY," House of Representatives, Representative Cunningham, April 15, 1997.

  3. San Diego Union-Tribune, "Navy Asked To Rule on Threat of Chinese Using Old Base," by Alice Ann Love, May 11, 1997.

  4. Washington Times, "Solomon: Is Cosco `Strategic Threat'?" by Rowan Scarborough, May 20, 1997.

  5. Insight Magazine, "China’s Military May Get U.S. Base," by Timothy W. Maier, May 17, 1999.

  6. The Washington Times, "Will China Come To Long Beach?" Timothy W. Maier, August 10, 1998.

  7. H1696-1699: "CHINESE COMMUNIST COMPANY COSCO IS THREAT TO UNITED STATES NATIONAL SECURITY," House of Representatives, Rep. Cunningham, April 17, 1997.

  8. Ibid, Maier (Insight) and Maier (Washington Times).

  9. The New York Times, "Asian Links of a Donor Put Gifts to Democrats in Doubt," by Christopher Drew, February 22, 1997

  10. Ibid, Drew

  11. Ibid, Maier (Insight)

  12. Ibid, Maier (Insight)

  13. Ibid, Maier (Insight)

  14. Ibid, Maier (Insight)

  15. Ibid, Maier (Insight), Maier (Washington Times), and H1696-1699, Cunningham.

  16. H1535, "COSCO: A COMMUNIST CHINESE-OWNED COMPANY," House of Representatives, Representative Cunningham, April 15, 1997.

  17. Ibid, Maier (Insight)

  18. Ibid, Scarborough

  19. Ibid, Maier (Insight)

  20. Ibid, H1534, Cunningham and Love

  21. Ibid, Scarborough and Maier (Insight)

  22. Ibid, H1353, Cunningham and S4937, Inhofe

  23. Biography of Secretary of Navy, Honorable John H. Dalton

  24. Cosco’s Web Page, News Releases,

  25. Ibid, Dalton Biography

  26. The Washington Post, "Tracing Lippo Empire’s Campaign Link," by Lena H. Sun, July 7, 1997.

  27. The Washington Post, "The Riady’s Persistent Pursuit of Influence," by Sharon LaFraniere, John Pomfret, and Lena H. Sun, May 27, 1997.

  28. Ibid, Maier (Washington Times) and H1696-1699, Cunningham

  29. Ibid, 1535, Cunningham

  30. Ibid, S4937, Inhofe

  31. Canadian Market News, "COSCO CHOOSES CPR SERVICE INTO U.S. HEARTLAND (Full text of press release from Canada NewsWire)," Monday May 17, 8:23 AM

  32. CRS96-889 F, "China: Commission of Science, Technology, and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND) and Defense Industries," Congressional Research Service, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, Shirley A. Kan, December 3, 1997.

  33. The Washington Weekly, "Assault Weapons for U.S." June 1, 1998.

  34. Ibid, Washington Weekly

  35. The Washington Times, "Quid Pro Quo? A China Chronology," May 22, 1998.

  36. Koenig’s International News, "CHINA-GATE'S SMOKING GUN," by Charles Smith, May 25, 1999.

  37. The New York Times, "Fund-Raiser's Moment of Triumph Seems Part of Pattern of Suspicious Gifts," by Don Van Natta Jr. and Christopher Drew, July 2, 1997.

  38. Ibid, Smith, and Van Natta Jr. and Drew.

  39. The New York Times, "Fund-Raiser's Moment of Triumph Seems Part of Pattern of Suspicious Gifts," by Don Van Natta Jr. and Christopher Drew, July 2, 1997.

  40. Ibid, Scarborough, Maier (Insight), and Maier (Washington Times).

  41. Ibid, Maier (Insight), and Maier (Washington Times).

  42. Ibid, Smith

  43. Ibid, Smith

  44. Associated Press, "ANALYSIS: Arms seizure is new headache in U.S.-China ties," May 23, 1996.

Additional Sources

  • S6499, "CHINA'S MARITIME PRACTICES," Senate, Mr. Hollings, June 17, 1998.

  • CONFERENCE REPORT ON S. 858, INTELLIGENCE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998, House of Representatives, Mr. Hunter, October 28, 1997.

  • S7052, "CHINESE MILITARY EXPANSION AND UNITED STATES NATIONAL SECURITY," Senate, Mr. Ashcroft, July 9, 1997.

  • The Washington Post, "U.S. Is Big Market for Firms Owned by Chinese Military," by Lena H. Sun, June 24, 1997.

  • Center for Security Policy No. 97-R-60, "U.S. Is Financing China's War Plan" by Timothy W. Maier, May 12, 1997.

 

VI. SECURITY RISKS

Los Alamos – Nuclear Secrets

Direct Sources:

  1. Investor’s Business Daily, "CHINA WHISTLE-BLOWERS GAGGED: Is White House Serious About Guarding Secrets?" by Paul Sperry, June 28, 1999.
  2. THE WHITE HOUSE, "Press Conference by the President, The East Room," Office of the Press Secretary, March 19, 1999.

  3. H2122-2127, "Chinese Espionage," Representative Burton, House of Representatives, April 15, 1999.

  4. Wall Street Journal, "Whistle-Blower in Nuclear Spy Case Gets His Job Back After Two Firings," by John J. Fialka, June 18, 1999.

  5. Ibid, Fialka

  6. Ibid, Fialka

  7. The New York Times, "China Stole Nuclear Secrets From Los Alamos, U.S. Officials Say," by James Risen and Jeff Gerth, March 6, 1999.
  8. Ibid, Fialika, and Risen and Gerth
  9. Ibid, Fialka
  10. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton, Fialka, and Risen and Gerth
  11. Ibid, Fialka
  12. Ibid, Fialka
  13. H1479, "Chief Washington Lobbyist For The Chinese Government’s Trade Office, An Unfortunate Choice for National Security Position," Representative Haywoood, House of Representatives, March 23, 1999.
  14. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton
  15. Ibid, Fialka
  16. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton, Fialka, and Risen and Gerth
  17. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton, and Risen and Gerth
  18. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton, and Risen and Gerth
  19. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton, and Risen and Gerth
  20. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton
  21. Ibid, Risen and Gerth
  22. Ibid, Risen and Gerth
  23. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton
  24. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton
  25. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton, and Risen and Gerth
  26. "Key Players

  27. San Diego Union Tribune (Copley News Service), "Officials Withheld Spy Case Data From Congress, Hunter Says," Stephen Green, March 17, 1999.

  28. Ibid, H2122-2127, Burton
  29. The New York Times, "China Spy Suspect Reportedly Tried to Hide Evidence, " by James Risen and Jeff Gerth, April 30, 1999.
  30. Ibid, Risen and Gerth, April 30, 1999.
  31. Ibid, Risen and Gerth, April 30, 1999.Ibid, Fialka

 

Additional Sources:

  • The Cox Report

  • DOE Press Release R-98-020; Nuclear Material Controls, Security of US Nuclear Facilities, March 25, 1998.

  • H1062, "Transfer of Nuclear Technology Puts Nation At Risk," House of Representatives, March 9, 1999.

  • Washington Post, "Gore Defends US Stance on China," John F. Harris and Walter Pincus, March 10, 1999.

  • Los Angeles Times, "Spy Scandal Much Ado About Nothing," Robert Scheer, March 16, 1999.

  • Press Release, "Hunter Counters Clinton/Gore Claims of ‘Swift and Appropriate Action on Nuclear Espionage," Congressman Duncan Hunter’s Web Page, March 16, 1999.

  • S2792, "National Missile Defense Act of 1999," Senator Dorgen, Senate, March 17, 1999.

  • Time Magazine, Vol. 153, No. 11, Nation Section, "How Not To Catch A Spy," Bruce W. Nelan, March 22, 1999.

  • Newsweek, "Open Secrets," John Barry (Washington), Brad Stone (Silicon Valley) and Joshua Hanner (Los Alamos), March 22, 1999.

 

VI. SECURITY RISKS

Los Alamos – Nuclear Secrets, II

Direct Sources:

  1. THE WHITE HOUSE, "Press Conference by the President, The East Room," Office of the Press Secretary, March 19, 1999.
  2. New York Times, "Reports Show Scientist Gave U.S. Radar Secrets to China," Jeff Gerth and James Risen, May 10, 1999.
  3. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  4. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  5. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  6. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  7. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  8. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  9. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  10. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  11. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  12. Ibid, Gerth and Risen.
  13. Voice Of America Correspondent Report 2-228795, "Chinese Scientist," Greg Flakus, March 26, 1998.
  14. Ibid, Flakus

 

Related Sources:
  • Document 105-2, REPORT of the COMMISSION ON PROTECTING AND REDUCING GOVERNMENT SECRECY, Senate, 1997

 

 

VI. SECURITY RISKS

Los Alamos – Nuclear Secrets, III

Direct Sources:

 

  1. H3770, "American Nuclear Technology Secrets Stolen by China," House of Representatives, Congressman Weldon, June 8, 1999.
  2. GAO/RCED-97-229, "Department of Energy: DOE Needs to Improve Controls Over Foreign Visitors to Weapons Laboratories," Chapter Report, September 25, 1997.
  3. House of Representatives, Statement of Edward J. McCallum, Director of DOE’s Office of Safeguards and Security, June 8, 1999.
  4. Ibid, McCallum.
  5. Ibid, McCallum.
  6. H3837, "Information Relative to the Cox Report," House of Representatives, Congressman Weldon, June 8, 1999.
  7. Ibid, Weldon.
  8. Ibid, Weldon.
  9. Ibid, GAO/RCED-97-229
  10. Ibid, GAO/RCED-97-229
  11. Ibid, GAO/RCED-97-229
  12. Ibid, GAO/RCED-97-229
  13. Ibid, McCallum.
  14. Ibid, McCallum.
  15. Wall Street Journal, "Congress Brings New Inquiries Into Weapons Security Failures," by John J. Fialka, May 3, 1999.
  16. Ibid, Weldon.
  17. Ibid, GAO/RCED-97-229
  18. Ibid, Weldon.
  19. Ibid, Weldon.
  20. Ibid, GAO/RCED-97-229.
  21. Ibid, McCallum.
  22. Ibid, McCallum.
  23. Ibid, Weldon.
  24. Ibid, Weldon.

 

VI. SECURITY RISKS

Panama Canal

Direct Sources:

  1. S3535: "GRASSLEY AMENDMENT NO. 241 TO S. CON. RES 20: SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING THE CLOSURE OF THE HOWARD AIR FORCE BASE AND REPOSITIONING OF ASSETS AND OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES IN FORWARD OPERATING LOCATIONS," Senate, March 25, 1999.
  2. Ibid
  3. Ibid
  4. H778-789: "OUR BATTLE AGAINST ILLEGAL NARCOTICS IN THIS COUNTRY," House of Representatives, February 24, 1999
  5. H881-884: "AMERICA’S BIGGEST PROBLEM: ILLEGAL NARCOTICS," House of Representatives, March 2, 1999
  6. Ibid, H778-789 and H881-884.
  7. Ibid, H778-789.
  8. Sofwar, "The Panama Canal In Transition: Threats to U.S. Security and China’s Growing Role In Latin America, " by Charles R. Smith, June 23, 1999.
  9. Ibid, Smith.
  10. Ibid, Smith.
  11. Ibid, Smith.
  12. Ibid, H881-884

Additional Sources:
  • H680: "DRUG ABUSE IN AMERICA," House of Representatives, February 23, 1999
 

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