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Over the past several decades, industrial countries have made major strides in cleaning up pollutants roiling from smokestacks. But some researchers now say this progress could have a troubling side effect - accelerating the pace of global warming. The reason: Tiny pollutant particles, once airborne, can reflect sunlight back into space, easing temperatures in what is known as aerosol cooling. By cleaning up industrial pollution, countries are reducing the effect of this cooling. Nobody is recommending that nations halt efforts to curb pollution. Still, when this factor is taken into account, global warming could outpace the level now forecast by...

REMANSO TALISMA, Brazil — The death of a myth begins with stinging eyes and heaving chests here on the edge of the Amazon rain forest. Every year, fire envelops the jungle, throwing up inky billows of smoke that blot out the sun. Animals flee. Residents for miles around cry and wheeze, while the weak and unlucky develop serious respiratory problems. When the burning season strikes, life and health in the Amazon falter, and color drains out of the riotous green landscape as great swaths of majestic trees, creeping vines, delicate bromeliads and hardy ferns are reduced to blackened stubble. But...

Mexico's Volcano of Fire, also known as the Colima volcano, is seen in a time exposure photograph during an explosion as lava and hot rocks flow down its sides and lightning flashes over its crater late June 1, 2005. Villagers living in the shadow of Mexico's fiercest volcano, which this week fired its angriest blast in at least 15 years, shrug off the danger of lava and falling rocks with stoic fatalism. The 12,540-foot Colima volcano, also known as the Volcano of Fire, spewed debris almost three miles into the sky since Monday, forcing emergency services to consider an...

SAN MARCOS, Mexico (Reuters) - Mexico's "Fire Volcano" spewed a column of rock, ash and lava almost three miles into the sky on Monday in its largest eruption for at least 15 years, civil protection officials said. The government was considering evacuating tiny communities around the 12,540-foot (3,860 meter) Colima volcano in the western state of the same name after the predawn eruption. "It's the largest explosion in the past 15 years and we are monitoring it because the activity is increasing, though gradually," said federal civil protection coordinator Carmen Segura. "If necessary we will carry out evacuations." A...

Study Reveals Natural Air Cleaners Bjorn Carey LiveScience Staff Writer/LiveScience.com Fri May 20, 2005 New! Improved! 20 percent more cleaning power! That could be the label on new smog-reducing product found in Earth's atmosphere. Natural chemicals in the air scrub away pollution more effectively than previously thought, according to new research. Chemicals in the air produce natural air cleaners called hydroxyl radicals, which gobble up smog hydrocarbons and break them down. These chemicals have turned out to be better than expected at producing a substance Mr. Clean would love: hydroxyl radicals, which consist of one oxygen atom and one atom...

EPA Clean Air rules take effect in EastRule mandates cuts in emissions over next decade By Stephanie I. Cohen, MarketWatch Last Update: 12:19 PM ET May 12, 2005 WASHINGTON (MarketWatch) - New federal air rules took effect Thursday that require eastern states to reduce harmful emissions from coal-burning power plants that dirty the air of other states located "downwind" of the pollution sources. The Clean Air Interstate Rule, or CAIR rule, was published in the Federal Register Thursday, kicking off a timeline to clean up the air in 28 states and the District of Columbia by making permanent cuts in...

LOS ANGELES (AP) - A federal judge has ruled that a Southern California clean-air agency may impose its antismog rules on city buses, waste haulers and other public fleet vehicles. Last year, the U.S. Supreme Court sided with oil companies and diesel engine manufacturers who claimed local pollution rules of the South Coast Air Quality Management District conflicted with national standards in the Clean Air Act. The high court said the agency could not require private fleets to use engines that burn cleaner fuels, but it sent the case back to a lower court to determine whether the regulations could...

Reversing a decades-long trend toward "global dimming," the Earth's surface has become brighter over the last 15 years, scientists reported today. Some scientists had reported that for reasons still not well understood, the amount of sunshine reaching the ground from the late 1950's into the 1990's dropped 10 percent, or a rate of 2 to 3 percent per decade. But that has now changed. "We see the dimming is no longer there," said Dr. Martin Wild, a climatologist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and the lead author of one of three papers analyzing sunlight since the...

LOS ANGELES (AP) _ Fewer Americans have had to breathe unhealthy levels of smog or microscopic soot in recent years, but air pollution remained a threat in counties where more than half the nation lives, the American Lung Association said in an annual report Thursday. Using data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the group found that the number of counties in which unhealthy air was recorded fell significantly for the first time in six years, to 390 from 441 in last year's report. The new report covered 2001 to 2003, while the previous one analyzed pollution levels from 2000...

LOS ANGELES (AP) - The state Air Resources Board was poised Thursday to adopt a new limit on ozone levels that would give California the toughest pollution guidelines in the nation - a standard that critics argue would be largely symbolic. Supporters estimate that, if fully effective, the new guideline could save Californians millions lost each year to medical costs and low productivity linked to smog-induced illness. They insist that while it may take years for the state to meet the new standard, its existence will force air quality districts to implement strategies to reduce pollution in the long-term. The...

LOS ANGELES (AP) -- Fewer Americans have had to breathe unhealthy levels of smog or microscopic soot in recent years, but air pollution remained a threat in counties where more than half the nation lives, the American Lung Association said in an annual report Thursday. Using data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the group found that the number of counties in which unhealthy air was recorded fell significantly for the first time in six years, to 390 from 441 in last year's report. The new report covered 2001 to 2003, while the previous one analyzed pollution levels from 2000...

WASHINGTON - The Environmental Protection Agency announced Tuesday that 21 counties in nine states are being removed from the government's watch list of areas in the country with the dirtiest air. The government had identified 225 counties in 20 states that were either unclassified or not meeting its new clean-air standards for reducing the amount of microscopic soot in the air, putting those areas on notice that they must devise a pollution-reduction plan. Failure to comply could mean a county will have to limit development and its state could lose federal highway dollars. Since those designations had been made in...

WASHINGTON (AP) -- A researcher has discovered unexpectedly large amounts of dandruff and other flaking skin, fur, pollen and similar materials in air pollutants known as aerosols. Aerosols, tiny particles in the air, are widely studied because they are an important factor in regulating climate, variously absorbing heat to warm the air and reflecting sunlight to cool it. They are also important in forming rain and snow. But the amount of cellular material -- bacteria, plant fragments, spores, fungi and so forth -- had been thought to be only a small proportion compared with mineral dusts, clay and sea salt....

Attorneys general from nine states filed suit Tuesday over a final rule by the Environmental Protection Agency reversing its 2000 decision to regulate coal- and oil-fired generation for hazardous air pollutants under section 112 of the Clean Air Act. Section 112 would require utilities to install “maximum achievable control” technology. EPA’s final rule, published in the Federal Register and effective Tuesday, removes coal and oil-fired utility units from the section 112 source list. In pursuing a mercury rule wrought by litigation, the agency concluded in December 2000 that it was “appropriate and necessary” to regulate fossil units under section 112...

The California agency famous for putting the squeeze on automotive tailpipe emissions is poised to tackle dirty indoor air. In a hefty report to the Legislature completed this month, the California Air Resources Board asserts that indoor air can be as polluted and dangerous to breathe as outdoor air, costing the state at least $45 billion a year in lost worker productivity, medical expenses and premature deaths. Yet, by and large, the government does little to stem indoor air pollutants, which come from sources as disparate as cigarettes, gas stoves and certain types of air purifiers. "Efforts to reduce indoor...

Citizens go it alone in bid to clear air Clear Lake women take own samples to show levels are toxic By DINA CAPPIELLO The manicured lawns and neat brick homes of the LakePointe Forest subdivision, nestled on the shores of Taylor Lake, don't fit the typical image of an industrial neighborhood struggling with air contamination. Nor is this the kind of place that one would expect at the center of a covert pollution study. Yet by retrofitting a common suburban backyard lawn fixture — the birdhouse — a team of modern-day Nancy Drews are keeping tabs on the emissions coming...

Environmental Groups Call on Automakers to Drop Suit Against California's Proposed Emissions Law FRANKFURT, Germany (AP) -- A group of national environmental organizations on Monday urged German automakers to pull out of a California lawsuit against the U.S. state's proposed stricter clean air regulations, accusing them of double standards. In letters addressed to the heads of BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Porsche and Volkswagen, nine German environmental groups urged the companies to make more environmentally friendly cars, instead of fighting laws that would force them to do so. "It is hypocrisy that the German automobile industry portrays itself as environmentally friendly on the...

RANCHO CORDOVA - With opposition growing among Democrats statewide, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger moved Wednesday to shore up his environmental credentials by touting the reinstatement of a program to take older, polluting autos off the road. With a Sacramento-area auto yard as the backdrop, Schwarzenegger announced that the state is again offering $1,000 to car owners who voluntarily retire older vehicles that cannot meet the state's smog control standards. The goal is to take as many as 15,000 high-polluting vehicles off the road annually during the next 10 years. "This will pay big dividends for California," the governor said at a...

WASHINGTON, Feb. 26 - At the end of his testimony on the Clear Skies Act of 2005 last month, an Ohio official representing two national groups of state and local air quality regulators told a Senate subcommittee on the environment that he would be happy to respond in writing to any additional questions. Three days later, the questions arrived, eight from Senator James M. Inhofe, Republican of Oklahoma, the chairman of the full committee and a co-sponsor of the bill. But only one of Mr. Inhofe's written questions to the witness, John A. Paul, had anything to do with Clear...

ASPEN, Colo. (AP) - The family of writer Hunter S. Thompson is looking for a cannon to blast his remains skyward, honoring a wish he often expressed. Anyone wishing to provide the cannon is asked to write a 100-word essay and mail it to the Aspen Daily News, which will pass the entries on to Thompson's family. "Were talking 100 words, not 101. And snail mail only. No e-mails or phone calls," said Daily News associate editor Troy Hooper. The winner of the contest will have to bring the cannon to Aspen at his or her own expense and possibly...

The deadly air of Hong Kong Smog from China kills 15,000 a year One country, one foul environment MARTIN REGG COHN ASIA BUREAU HONG KONG—It is a view to die for. But the awe-inspiring vistas from Victoria Peak, overlooking Hong Kong's Fragrant Harbour, are shrouded in smog most days. And people are dying as a result. On a few clear days, the mountains of mainland China still beckon from across the harbour. But, on a record 65 days last year, the view was completely blocked by thick air pollution, yellowish and acrid, wafting across the border into this former British...

WASHINGTON - A coalition of labor unions — traditionally a bastion of support for Democrats — are lobbying senators of that party in favor of President Bush (news - web sites)'s air-pollution plan. The unions have written to members of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, where they are targeting freshman Sen. Barack Obama, D-Ill., to possibly provide the swing vote when the measure is considered Wednesday. Tommy Vietor, a spokesman from Obama's office, said Monday that the senator welcomes the unions' opinion on the bill, but he couldn't say whether it would affect Obama's vote. Support for the...

After more than four years of stalling by the Environmental Protection Agency, a federal appellate court just might finally consider whether the agency used junk science to force both gas prices and smog levels higher. I say "just might" because it looks like the court is about to sweep the matter under the rug in EPA's favor. On Feb. 14, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia is to hear arguments in National Alternative Fuels Association (NAFA) vs. EPA. The lawsuit centers on EPA rules issued in 2000 mandating lower urban ground-level ozone by reducing the sulfur...

CLEAN AIR ACT RUNS INTO TURBULENCE FROM CRITICSFeb 04, 2005 - FreeMarketNews.comby staff reportsCongress is getting ready to debate the Bush Administration’s proposed changes to the Clean Air Act, dubbed the “Clear Skies” initiative. At stake are considerations as to how soon reduced emissions should take effect. The Act has run into considerable opposition and energetic sniping. Critics such as Frank O’Donnell, argue for a time frame closer than the Administration’s 2018 target date, with its stated goal about improved air quality through simplified and less costly regulations The Washington Post reports that O’Donnell, former executive director of an organization...

GILLETTE, Wyo. — When he turned Mt. Rushmore into his granite canvas, sculptor Gutzon Borglum wrote that the faces of Presidents Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt and Lincoln would remain visible, Lord willing, "until the wind and the rain alone shall wear them away." Borglum's vision endures in the Black Hills of South Dakota about 130 miles from here, but for nearly a month every year, it may soon become harder to see the famous faces through the man-made haze generated by the addition of 50,000 gas wells in northeastern Wyoming and southeastern Montana. The federal Bureau of Land Management, under pressure...

The relationship between dairies and the Central Valley's polluted air changed dramatically Wednesday morning when a UC Davis researcher reported that dairies produce far less pollution than previously believed. Frank Mitloehner, who has been running a "bovine bubble" experiment to measure gases coming from cows, said his study found cows create only half the pollutant amounts previously counted by air regulators. What's more, most harmful gases come from a cow's belches -- not its manure, he found. The burgeoning dairy industry in the Central Valley has been targeted by environmental groups that have accused dairymen of contributing to the already-dirty...

Strict car emission rules look likely By KYLE ARNOLD OLYMPIA -- Washington is likely to join California and six other states in adopting tighter vehicle emissions standards, despite protests from auto dealers. The proposal, which is drawing strong support in the Legislature, would require the state to adopt the tougher regulations starting in 2009. By 2016, all new cars sold in Washington would have to comply with the new standards, with proponents claiming that emissions would be reduced by 30 percent. The rules would apply only to cars and light duty trucks. The federal Clean Air Act allows states either...

ALBANY, Jan. 11 - The operators of six coal-burning power plants in upstate New York have agreed to significantly reduce emissions that cause smog and acid rain in what state officials called the state's largest settlement ever for reducing air pollution. The agreements with the plants - which were announced here jointly on Tuesday by Gov. George E. Pataki, a Republican, and Attorney General Eliot Spitzer, the Democrat who would like to replace him in two years - call for them to cut the air pollution they produce to a level that officials said would be the equivalent of removing...

On the heels of new research showing Southern California children can suffer permanent lung damage from breathing pollution, the head of the region's smog-fighting agency vowed on Friday to "take off the gloves" to help speed up clean-air improvements. In his State of the Air report, William A. Burke said he would push critical air-pollution efforts, such as reducing emissions from railroads and ports and converting diesel-fueled school buses to cleaner-burning models. "The time for political correctness has passed," Burke said in his speech given in Diamond Bar. "The time has come to take off the gloves and tell the...

LOS ANGELES (AP) - Southern California clean air regulators adopted a plan Friday to reduce emissions at about 300 power plants, factories and refineries by 20 percent over five years. The plan, which takes effect beginning 2007, amends a program started 10 years ago by the South Coast Air Quality Management District and seeks to reduce smog-causing emissions by a total of 7.7 tons per day over the five-year period. "We believe the changes meet state law requirements and maintain the integrity of the program, while continuing to move closer to the region's air quality goals," Barry Wallerstein, executive officer...

FRESNO, Calif. (AP) - The Central Valley's dairy, cotton, fruit and vegetable farms are the newest front in the fight to clean up one of the nation's dirtiest air basins. The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District is requiring farmers with more than 100 contiguous acres and dairies with more than 500 cows to submit plans by the end of the year showing what they're doing to reduce the microscopic particles of dust, chemicals or other substances that come from their land. More than 6,400 farms and dairies in the 270-mile-long valley between San Francisco and Los Angeles meet...

WASHINGTON - President Bush (news - web sites) will make air pollution a top priority in Congress early next year, starting with "an aggressive push" to build support for his pollution-cutting plan, senior administration officials said Saturday. At the same time, the administration will hold off until no later than March on a rule to cut pollution from power plants that would accomplish some of the same ends as Bush's anti-pollution plan, the officials told The Associated Press. The White House on Saturday told the Environmental Protection Agency (news - web sites) of its game plan, which is meant to...

SACRAMENTO (AP) - California air pollution regulators, frustrated with the failure of a voluntary plan promoted by the trucking industry, instituted mandatory requirements Thursday to clean up illegal diesel engines. Air quality groups hope California's decision once again ripples across the country, as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency struggles with the same nationwide enforcement problem. The decision applies to an estimated 300,000 to 400,000 vehicles licensed in other states that drive through California, as well as 58,000 California-licensed trucks. But the Engine Manufacturers Association suggested it will sue on behalf of its members, who believe they shouldn't have to pay...

OLYMPIA -- Gov. Gary Locke and legislative Democrats proposed Wednesday that Washington adopt California's vehicle-emission standards, the toughest in the world. Locke, a two-term Democrat who leaves office in January, also announced a freeze on state government purchase of four-wheel-drive sports utility vehicles. The state motor pool will begin shifting to hybrid vehicles. The proposal to adopt California's auto standards, effective the 2009 model year, is the centerpiece of the lame-duck governor's package of bills to combat global warming.

Massive air pollution casts Asian haze over global climateA cloud of pollution which has been identified in the skies across Asia travels long distances across the Indian ocean and is now threatening to make the entire planet a drier place, experts warned Wednesday. "There is a nexus between local air pollution and global climate change," Mylvakanam Iyngararasan, senior programme specialist for the United Nations Environment Programme, told the annual "Better Air Quality" conference at a meeting in the home of the Taj Mahal. "Research suggests that there will be a large drying-out effect from the air pollution we see now....

FRESNO, Calif. (AP) - Automobile manufacturers on Tuesday sued to block the world's toughest vehicle emission standards, adopted by California regulators in September to cut greenhouse gases. The manufacturers argued in their lawsuit that the standards, which could set a precedent for other states, must by law be the responsibility of the federal government. "Federal law is designed to ensure a consistent fuel economy program across the country," Fred Webber, president and chief executive of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, said in announcing the lawsuit. The suit had been expected ever since the regulations were adopted. State air regulators did...

Environmentalists hooted when Ronald Reagan claimed — wrongly — that trees produce more pollution than cars. But right now, the biggest single source of air pollution in Washington isn't a power plant, pulp mill or anything else created by man. It's a volcano. Since Mount St. Helens started erupting in early October, it has been pumping out between 50 and 250 tons a day of sulfur dioxide, the lung-stinging gas that causes acid rain and contributes to haze. Those emissions are so high that if the volcano was a new factory, it probably couldn't get a permit to operate, said...

AMSTERDAM (Reuters) - A visit to church may be good for the soul but not so good for the lungs, a new study shows. Scientists from Maastricht University found that burning candles and incense in church can release dangerous levels of potentially carcinogenic particles, according to research published this week in the European Respiratory Journal. "After a day of candle burning we found about 20 times as much as by a busy road," Theo de Kok, the author of the study, told Reuters. "These levels were so unbelievably high we thought we should report it to the public." The air...

Dallas among 5 worst cities in report linking death rates to higher levels of pollutant By LAURA BEIL / The Dallas Morning News Of 95 cities studied, Dallas ranked fifth worst for deaths associated with ozone levels. "Ozone has been associated with a lot of different human health impacts," said Michelle Bell of Yale University. "This is one of the largest studies to look at mortality." on the ground, however, damages living things. < snip > To gauge how ozone might affect death rates, Dr. Bell and her colleagues at the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies entered ozone...

One wonders what it will take to bestir the Bush administration on the subject of global warming. Everywhere one looks nowadays - London, Moscow, even the odd precinct on Capitol Hill - there is evidence of mounting impatience with Washington's refusal to face up to the threat. While the links between global warming and Florida's serial hurricanes are largely theoretical, even the weather seems to be telling the politicians that it is time to start paying attention. Certainly Tony Blair thinks so. In a forceful recent speech before business leaders in London, Mr. Blair, in many other respects a Bush...

We have just been informed that despite receiving thousands of messages in opposition to the bill, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger has just signed A.B. 2683 into law. The new law repeals California's current rolling emissions-test exemption for vehicles 30 years old and older and replaces it with a law requiring the lifetime testing of all 1976 and newer model-year vehicles. We remain confident that the facts are on our side: California's 30-year rolling exemption recognized the minimal impact vintage cars have on air quality, since they constitute a minuscule portion of the overall vehicle population. These older cars are overwhelmingly...

THE GREAT DIVIDE | RURAL WASTELANDS UANGMENGYING, China - Wang Lincheng began his accounting at the brick hut of a farmer. Dead of cancer, he said flatly, his dress shoes sinking in the mud. Dead of cancer, he repeated, glancing at another vacant house. Mr. Wang, head of the Communist Party in this village, ignored a June rain and trudged past mud-brick houses, ticking off other deaths, other empty homes. He did not seem to notice a small cornfield where someone had dug a burial mound of fresh red dirt. Finally, he stopped at the door of a sickened young...

DIAMOND BAR, Calif. (AP) - Southern California air quality regulators took the first steps Friday toward regulating pollution from refinery flares - plumes of flame seen at the top of tall stacks in refineries and other facilities. The South Coast Air Quality Management District's governing board ordered its staff to develop a proposed rule for reducing emissions from the flames used to relieve pressure and prevent fires or explosions. The governing board intends to vote on the proposal once it is complete. Refineries have voluntarily worked to reduce emissions from flares for several years, district executive officer Barry Wallerstein said...

Whenever ships dock near her waterfront house in Stockton, Calif., Sherry Shields hides indoors. She says she can't relax in her yard. She won't let her grandchildren play outside. The smoke billowing from the ships' exhaust stacks, she says, makes the air hard to breathe. "Many times you can see the black plume coming," says Shields, whose citizens group is suing to block expansion of the nearby port on Stockton's inland waterway. "It's unconscionable that this is happening next to homes." From fishing skiffs to supertankers, boats and ships around the USA are belching out harmful pollutants that cloud the...

Researcher makes 'cow farts' his mission - http://www.jewishworldreview.com | (KRT) DAVIS, Calif. — Frank Mitloehner held inside a shiny metal canister a precious clue to understanding just what makes California's Central Valley air some of the nation's dirtiest. He hoisted it with one arm, like a trophy fish. "Cow fart," said Mitloehner. "There's one in there." He was only partly joking. Bovine flatulence, which produces methane, is just a small part of what cows send into the air, said Mitloehner, a University of California cooperative extension air-quality specialist in the department of animal science. The bigger issues, he thinks, are...

St. Louis Business Journal - August 13, 2004http://stlouis.bizjournals.com/stlouis/stories/2004/08/09/daily69.html LATEST NEWS 11:06 AM CDT Friday Missouri AG files suit againt EPA over Clean Air Act Missouri Attorney General Jay Nixon has filed suit in St. Louis to require the federal government to review air quality standards for lead, he said Friday. Under the Clean Air Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency must review the national ambient air quality standards every five years. However, Nixon said, the same air quality standard for lead has been in place since 1978, and the EPA has not conducted a review since 1990. He sent...

SACRAMENTO (AP) - Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger on Thursday appointed 10 members to the California Air Resources Board, while keeping current Chairman Alan Lloyd in that position. The board has battled with the federal government over California's nation-leading auto emission and air pollution regulations, most recently over whether the state can enact limits on greenhouse gas-creating chemicals. Lloyd has been a member and chair since he was appointed by former Democratic Gov. Gray Davis in 1999. Lloyd, 62, a Democrat from Sacramento, is paid $123,708 as the board's only full time member. The Republican governor kept four other previous appointees: Dorene...

E-mail Author Author Archive Send to a Friend <% printurl = Request.ServerVariables("URL")%> Print Version August 10, 2004, 8:32 a.m. The Asthma AttackPoisonous politics. Is George W. Bush against black children breathing? In the current political environment, no charge against President Bush is too poisonous or preposterous to make, including this one. In promoting his new book, which basically accuses Bush of being a fascist, environmental activist Robert F. Kennedy Jr. has loosed this assault: "One out of every four black children in New York now has asthma. Those asthma attacks are triggered by pollution from power plants, which George...

After the World Trade Center collapsed, air samples collected nearby showed that levels of some cancer-causing chemicals had soared but had fallen so quickly that the pollution spike was unlikely to increase cancer risks in nearby communities, researchers reported yesterday. The chemicals, called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are often found in sooty particles generated when fire consumes anything from tobacco to jet fuel. They have been linked to lung, skin and bladder cancers as well as other health problems. Earlier studies had estimated that between 100 and 1,000 tons of the chemicals spewed into the air after the attacks, both from...

How strange! The cleaner our air gets, the sicker we become. At this rate, when the air becomes absolutely pure over L.A. we'll all keel right over. Or so you might believe from the new report of a group called Clear the Air, "Dirty Power, Dirty Air." It attempts to persuade readers to support one of two Democratic bills introduced in the Senate over a Republican one, although all three would "tighten the lid" on allowable air emissions from power plants. Not incidentally, the legislation called for in the report, by its own reckoning, will cost $34 billion versus $9.3...