No, not really. Henri de Saint-Simon was very non-religious when formulating his technocratic utopian socialist ideas. Robert Owen was a big opponent of any religion for most of his life, although a convert to “spiritualism” (neo-Paganism really) at the end of his life. Pierre Leroux was a pantheist. English socialists were atheists as a rule.
Those guys came along very late in the development of socialism - though we do have Owen to thank for the name. The nineteenth century was a time when ancient Christian doctrines were secularized into modern atheistic socialism. But socialism is as old as Christianity. Look up the Joachimites, the Adamites, the Brethren of the Free Spirit, the Taborites, the Anabaptists, the Diggers, the Ranters, and other communist heretical Christian sects almost without number. And of course let's not forget the monasteries, most of which were little micro-communist enclaves.