The doctrine declares that the progeny of Adam are defective and no longer in the image of God, as punishment for the sin of Adam. Ezekiel 18 thoroughly contradicts the possibility of Augustine's claims. The Jews never believed in, or held such a concept, except as an ad hominum, as God points out in John 9.
The Jews reject the entire New Testamant, which we Christians believes is a new and everlasting covenant. You may be comfortable basing your beliefs on an incomplete reading of Ezekiel, but I am going to continue to rely on Romans 5:12-21 an 1 Corinthians 15:22.
Peace be with you