I believe there should be such a study somewhere out there because there are so many economists who are stating that tariffs are harmful someone must have done such research and proven at least one case. I note that there are proffs that several tariffs inb the History of the USA actually did provide a net economic benefit. Specifically, the textile tariffs of the mid 1800's. Further we have the following linked document that does provide such regression analysis here.
Clearly you would agree that decisions should be made on the best available evidence and using tariffs against Chinese goods at this time is more than justified for that specific nation at least under the rationalizations for tariffs Adam Smith recognized.
Did sanctions on trade imposed on Iraq or Cuba help or hurt their economy? By your reckoning, making it more expensive or difficult to get foreign goods would invigorate the embargoed economy by requiring self-sufficiency. Calling for sanctions on the U.S. won't help it's economy.