Well you've stumbled over an important reason why Russia maintains a strategic relationship with Shiite dominated Iran... they have common enemies within the Sunni world.
However I doubt you can produce much evidence that Iran is financing jihad inside Russia whose Shiite population comprises less than 10% of the Muslims there overall and not subjected to abuse.
Iran is more interested in supplying weapons to Hezbollah and Hamas. The hands of the mad mullahs are not clean, and neither are your hero Putin’s.