Posted on 10/19/2009 3:44:37 PM PDT by Clioman
Given all the blogosphere speculation about Bill Ayers ghostwriting for Obama, one major development at the end of September threatened to break the story wide open. Christopher Andersen has just published a fascinating new book: Barack and Michelle: Portrait of an American Marriage...
After Obama had to give up on a $150,000 Simon & Schuster contract because he couldnt complete the manuscript, his sources were telling him Obama finally had to bring in a ghostwriter...
I have been watching this story evolve for over a year. I did nothing until Christopher Andersen blathered on Hannity. And I saw the stricken look on his face and I have had three very revealing calls with his consultant, who is a pro. Andersen is terrified of talking about this. He wont speak to me. Ayers hasnt called back either.
(Excerpt) Read more at pajamasmedia.com ...

The comicbook and graphic novel version should be a riot.
ping
Interesting reading.
Its unfortunate that the United States no longer has a responsible press. If it did the questions of whether Obama wrote Dreams and why hasnt he released his original qualifying papers (and other papers) would have been addressed.
Obamas Chief of Staff now says Obamas government wants to analyze the Afghanistan elction before committing more troops. The people of the United States should analyze their own government before deciding whether to support it. This would involve addressing the following issues:
1. Is someone who arrogantly refuses to submit qualifying papers to the American public fit for office.
2. Where are the usual documents released by a presidential candidate?
3. Is it appropriate for the government of the United States to have Czars?
< snip >
More attention has been devoted by the American media to whether Sarah is Trigs mother than to any of these questions.
AWESOME post, Terry!

Lipscomb is a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist. His research kicked off the Swift Boat effort that played such an important role in getting to the truth of John Kerry's service in Vietnam and his role in . This is an important development, and worth watching.
.
Yes, the same media that derived a full dossier on Joe “the plumber” Wurzelbacher in 48 hours spent 24 months doing nothing but transmitting propaganda handed out by the Baraqqis.
bump
This ain’t activism.
..it’s long, it’s down in the Comments, but every word is worth reading IMO:
8. Jim Anderson:
I believe that the only person Ayers is jerking around is Obama. My reasoning:
From 69 to 73 I was in college. I knew, at a quite personal level, some very radical people. One went like Jane Fonda to Hanoi during the war, and spoke over the radio to our troops, urging rebellion against American officers. Another is still in prison for bombings, including those of courthouses and police stations. I later wrote a thesis on some of these folks and interviewed them a few years after their time in the movement.
Let me tell you something I learned about such fellows and then let me show you some quotes from Bill Ayers web site posted after Obamas election that have been ignored by the mainstream press.
Then, perhaps, well have a clearer view of what Ayerss recent statements about authoring Dreams really mean.
The toughest thing for these guys was to grow up and mature intellectually. They were ideologues and malignant narcissists. Compromise was a word they could not spell. You either were totally with the program, or you needed some educating. If you couldnt be educated, you needed to be crushed.
Unfortunately, during these formative years, they got mentally locked into a state of arrested development. Their adult identities and their pride and sense of achievement, were based on these narcissistic acts of their college years. Inconsistency bothered them. They could not look back and say, I was wrong.
This was especially so because to admit they were wrong about anything, was to admit to their own intellectual and moral limitations and to the narcissistic evil inherent in themselves and their violent and evil actions. They could not bear to entertain thoughts that they, themselves had been evil.
Ayers has written of the terrible knowledge that burdened him as have others of his ilk. That knowledge, was a narcissistic belief that they were the only ones to view clearly the evils in the society around them. They were the enlightened ones. This is what made them so dangerous. They like Marx believed that a higher knowledge had revealed itself to them.
This higher knowledge revealed to them that the system was so corrupt that any concepts of honesty, honor, integrity, etc., espoused by good men were, in fact not truly concepts of honesty and honor at all. Rather, these concepts which bar normal and good men from acts of duplicity and criminal violence were actually evil fruits from the poisonous tree of capitalism that were masquerading as good character traits.
Thus, guys like Ayers found it unnecessary to be constricted by such character traits. They could act with what others considered dishonor and duplicity because they were possessed of a higher, purer, big picture knowledge. That knowledge, combined with their narcissism, made them gods who could toy with the lives of the unenlightened.
They decided that the higher knowledge revealed to them that any version of goodness that came out of a corrupt society was a product of that corrupt society and, therefore, corrupt in itself. Thats why honest debate with these fellows was impossible. Its also why they adopted the idea of pursuing revolution by any means necessary. And they meant it.
They saw and see the American culture as so inherently evil, it could not redeem itself. Therefore, fair play was not and is not on the table. The system must be wrecked.
Understanding these viewpoints as held by the unreformed radicals of that era are essential to understanding what motivates a guy like Ayers in these recent weeks.
I believe that Ayers is now disgusted with Obama. On Ayerss own websites homepage, he has not posted any musings since the time between the election and inauguration. Before that, his postings were prolific.
Guys like Ayers do not as I said entertain compromise. They are not the type to put lipstick on a comrades pig. If the comrade strays their loyalty to him is gone. To paraphrase Trump: Hey, its not personal. Its just politics.
But for the Ayers ilk, there is absolutely no difference between the personal and the political.
Friendships come and go, but the movement is forever.
I believe the reason that Ayers has not posted musings since January is because he sat back to see if his puppet/buddy was going to be pure. Again, I dont believe Ayers has it in him to gloss over his former friends [Obamas] political compromises. So, I think he just decided to say nothing and watch.
Now take a look at Bill Ayerss last blog site posting entitled: New Years Resolution
2009
miracle and wonder.
Note his references to how politics will be free of ego in the age of Obama Note how he bids good-bye to self-referencing politics, etc. And note that he sees the end of war in sight. Then think how that jibes with Obamas performance for the last nine months. [Talk about disappointment?]
***************************************
New Years Resolution
2009
miracle and wonder
December 31, 2008
Goodbye to politics as arid, dry, self-referencing and self-satisfied. Goodbye to star wars and inner wars. Goodbye to deference, didacticism, ego, and complacency in a heartless world. Goodbye to prisons and border guards and wallswhether in Palestine or in Texasand goodbye to quarantines, deletions, and closures of all kinds. Goodbye to all that.
I resolve to create new spaces overflowing with life, crackling with the surprising and contradictory harmonies of love, stunning in their embodied hope for a better world; to step into the unknown, to jump off the edge, to dance the dialectic; to welcome the new and the now, to learn how to live again and how to love anew; to nurture relentless curiosity, simple acts of kindness, the vast complexity of humanity, the wild unruly convergence, the poetics of resistance, and the wonder of it all.
I resolve to embrace a new world in the making, planetary peace and inner peace, and I resolve, each day in every way, to vote for loveall kinds of love for all kinds of people in all kinds of circumstances and situations.
*********************************************
Now that Ive quoted from the December 31st post, take a look at what Ive excerpted from the Ayers analysis, posted four days before December 31st. It contains his musings about who should become Secretary of Education. Note how he refers to Arne Duncan, the fellow who ultimately got the job. And though he doesnt reference directly Bushs No Child Left Behind Act, he attacks virtually everything for which it stands. After you read that, consider that just around two weeks ago the NEA went ballistic when they learned that Obama was not only planning on continuing with projects based on the No Child Left Behind approach and philosophies, but was actually going to seek to implement more testing and merit pay and other items the NEA despises.
********************************************
Excerpt from Ayerss Post re: the appointment of the Secretary of Education, December 27 2008:
Of course I would have loved to have seen Linda Darling-Hammond become Secretary of Education in an Obama administration. Shes smart, honest, compassionate and courageous, and perhaps most striking, she actually knows schools and classrooms, curriculum and teaching, kids and child development. These have never counted for much as qualifications for the post, of course, and yet they offer a neat contrast with the four failed urban school superintendentsMichelle Rhee, Joel Klein, Paul Valas, and Arne Duncanwho were for weeks rumored to be her chief competition.
These four, like George W. Bushs Secretary of Education, Rod Paige of the fraudulent Texas-miracle, have little to show in terms of school improvement beyond a deeply dishonest public relations narrative. Teacher accountability, relentless standardized testing, school closings, and privatizationthis is what the dogmatists and true-believers of the right call reform.
December 27, 2008
***************************************
When Ayers states Teacher accountability, relentless standardized testing, school closings, and privatizationthis is what the dogmatists and true-believers of the right call reform, he unknowingly was describing the exact reforms that Obama has recently announced!
He also says that Arne Duncan, who eventually got the Secretary of Education job, accomplished little as Superintendent in Chicago beyond a deeply dishonest public relations narrative.
Are you starting to get the picture?
Ayers was willing to knock Arne Duncan and in pretty tough terms. Then he posted the New Years resolution stuff about the end of war, and poof Bill Ayers fell silent.
I think as I said hes been the watcher, keeping his own counsel.
Ayers has had time to observe that Obama is a socialist, but, unforgivably, an unprincipled one who deals with lobbyists, etc. Not only that, Obama has big-time Wall Street buddies.
Worst of all, however, from Ayers perspective: Obama announced his education plans [ right before Ayers made his statements about his authorship of Dreams to National Journal and to the conservative blogger, Anne Leary] to institute Bush style education reforms including increased goal-oriented student testing and promotion of educators based on merit as determined from that student testing all of which Ayers has extensively opposed. And you better watch out for what happens when an unreconstructed radical opposes something.
When he refers to the fraudulent Texas miracle, he is referring to the educational reforms Bush made as governor which resulted in, ironically, greatly improved literacy, especially among the Hispanic community.
So, within days of the Obama administrations announcement to pursue very conservative programs to improve education that expand on the Bush reforms what happens?
He fires a huge shot within an inch of Obamas bow. Out he comes with the statement I wrote Dreams From My Father.
Guys like Ayers have no sense of personal loyalty whatsoever when their political goals are threatened. They would rather destroy a politically imperfect friend while totally supporting a political comrade who just happens to have sex with kittens and later eats them but who never varies from the party line. As long as the political goal is pursued with single-mindedness, all is forgiven. But nothing is forgivable if you stray from the political goal.
I think Ayers is very bright and certainly bright enough to know that his message would be interpreted in all sorts of confusing ways. The conservatives would think he was duping them or punking them. The Left would be sure he was screwing with the conservatives. The pundits would think it was a demonstration of post-middle aged yippie theatre to attract attention and have a joke.
But I think they all have it wrong.
The statements in which he said he wrote the book were I believe his way of delivering a message-shot across the bow to only one person: Barack Obama. Ayers doesnt give a damn about the royalties. He doesnt give a damn about the credit.
He does give a damn that his communist lackey isnt a complete commie lackey. And for that he cannot forgive him.
Ayers doesnt have to say another thing. He can just keep giving these same book quotes and sound Delphic.
He doesnt have to organize petitions against Obamas education program. He doesnt have to persuade the public that Obama is wrong. And anyway, those are tactics idealized by our Republics founding principles.
Nope he doesnt have to do any of that democratic stuff. Why?
Because Ayers once again possesses a Bomb. He has, in his basement, the makings of a literary Bomb that will throw the system and the ability of the president to govern into chaos.
The man to whom he was sending a message Obama knows what Ayers statements of authorship mean. It means that Obama has strayed from orthodoxy. He has strayed on Guantanamo, on renditions, and on ending war. He has, within the last four weeks, particularly strayed from the orthodoxy of modern education preached, taught and professed by Ayers and the teachers unions. The warning is there. If he doesnt see Afghanistan and Iraq end., along with the many other Bush programs Obama has adopted, including the expansion of Bushs abhorred educational reforms then the next book by Ayers with supporting documentation will be How I Tried to Destroy America In My Twenties in the Sixties And How In My Sixties, I finally Brought Down an American President.
Remember guys like Ayers do not compromise. Theyd rather destroy their own guy and see the reins turned over to a conservative republican than support what they consider to be a hypocrite.
Its a bizarre and parallel universe in which Billy and Bernie, et al, live. Im sure its hard to believe that Im right. But I tell you I met some very scary people in those radical days. Some are still pretty scary but too old to do any damage. But if you cross them whatever damage they can do, they will do.
Sincerely,
Jim Anderson
Don’t miss the commnts...especially the longer ones.
Even the caveat at the beginning of Dreams, in which Barack points out that he uses invented dialogue, embellished facts, composite characters, inaccurate chronology, and pseudonyms to create an approximation of reality...
So Barry O.’s book is not a Biography but a fantastically unreal but, real story about a fake past, that may or may not be accurate, with character’s whose names have been changed or made up to suit the author’s drug induced literary masterpeice, in the hope of one day receiving the Nobel and becoming a Laureate, for writing such a magnificent Novel about a remarkable life of described in the novelty fiction of “A Frauds Life”.
If only Anne would have thought to record Ayers over her phone or camera...That would have been great!
The man to whom he was sending a message Obama knows what Ayers statements of authorship mean. It means that Obama has strayed from orthodoxy. He has strayed on Guantanamo, on renditions, and on ending war. He has, within the last four weeks, particularly strayed from the orthodoxy of modern education preached, taught and professed by Ayers and the teachers unions. The warning is there. If he doesnt see Afghanistan and Iraq end., along with the many other Bush programs Obama has adopted, including the expansion of Bushs abhorred educational reforms then the next book by Ayers with supporting documentation will be How I Tried to Destroy America In My Twenties in the Sixties And How In My Sixties, I finally Brought Down an American President.
And I don't think Ayers would cavil at bluster from Rahm Emmanuel.
There are some really interesting comments on the site. One guy theroizes that the admission by Ayers that he did write Dreams was in reality a warning shot by Ayers to Obama, that he had better stick to the mission and not compromise. His actions on education, on Guanmtanamo, on Afganistan, hve upset many of the revolutionaries who put him in office. THey want him to know they aren’t happy with his performance to date. Kind of like: we made you, and we can unmake you, too.
Well surely Hussein has copies of his hand written drafts, notes, corrections and other forms of a paper trail showing he wrote this...right?
December 31, 2008
Goodbye to politics as arid, dry, self-referencing and self-satisfied. Goodbye to star wars and inner wars. Goodbye to deference, didacticism, ego, and complacency in a heartless world. Goodbye to prisons and border guards and wallswhether in Palestine or in Texasand goodbye to quarantines, deletions, and closures of all kinds. Goodbye to all that.
I resolve to create new spaces overflowing with life, crackling with the surprising and contradictory harmonies of love, stunning in their embodied hope for a better world; to step into the unknown, to jump off the edge, to dance the dialectic; to welcome the new and the now, to learn how to live again and how to love anew; to nurture relentless curiosity, simple acts of kindness, the vast complexity of humanity, the wild unruly convergence, the poetics of resistance, and the wonder of it all. I resolve to embrace a new world in the making, planetary peace and inner peace, and I resolve, each day in every way, to vote for loveall kinds of love for all kinds of people in all kinds of circumstances and situations.
Can you imagine how disappointed he must be? How wounded he must feel? Hell hath no fury as a massive ego scorned...Ayers has no fear, there will be retribution, he wants this New Year's Resolution to stand as his testament.
At the time in 1995, Ayers probably thought he was writing for some green, punk politician who in 20 years, if lucky, might wind up on some committee in the IL Senate. So Ayers took great liberty creating a story about Obama that he liked.
Now given the very unexpected fact that Obama is President, Ayers is probably torn between not saying anything, and giving voice to his own ego and letting the world know he is the actual “genius” behind “Dreams.”
The Obama Presidential Library will be contained in a lock-box.
Has anyone called the Post on this obvious "mistake"? Or does the Washington Post get a pass?
...tick tick tick!
Question to Peter Jennings: "Does ABC News believe Bill Ayers' 3 unsolicited statements "I wrote Dreams Of My Father" a joke?
..if yes, why?
...if not sure, will ABC News investigate the statement and the circumstantial evidence surrounding the controversy?
Thanks for posting this with the link, Clioman. Excellent piece by Lipscombe, both in analysis and writing. Walks the reader through it in compelling fashion without any hyperventilating.
Plus, he does the followup so lacking in media today. Will be interesting to see what, if any, response he gets to his inquiries placed to Markus Dohle, the CEO of Random House, and Stuart Applebaum, the director of Communications at Random House, and Jane Dystel, Obama’s first agent that got him the book deal Obama defaulted on AND got him the second chance with Random House. It’s worth noting that Lipscombe is the founder of Times Books, the original publisher of Dreams.
Jim Anderson’s comments that Fred Nerks posted downthread here are also superb and dovetail nicely with what Lipscombe said.
Isn’t Peter Jennings roasting in Hell?
I don't watch ABC ..lapse.
My bad. ...sooner or later, someone has to ask and the reply will be revealing.
Let us know if Peter Jennings answers :-)
Nothing will come of any of this. We all know why: can we say "compliant media"?
The last time I watched ABC News, Peter Jennings WAS reporting. :)
Either this is some very good sarcasm or this guy is a complete idiot. I have not heard that kind of stoned out hippie babble since 1969. I had no idea there were still people living who still believed and uttered such nonsense. This must be a joke.
Well, I have dealt with a fair amount of scholarship on who wrote what (Milton, Shakespeare). I thought that the similarities between Dreams from my Father and Ayers’s writing style were suggestive, but not conclusive.
Now, after all of this, I have to say that the chances that Ayers wrote Dreams from my Father are at least 99-1.
And it’s right in line with Obama’s character. He has never written anything else. Ten years as a college law instructor, and he never wrote a single scholarly article. He was also the first head of the Harvard Law Review not to write anything, or rather to write one short, routine piece.
And he never DID anything, either.
It would be just like the narcissist Obama to come out with that “I wrote them all myself” business. Because he wants to be loved and admired and worshipped—never mind if the facts are a bit awkward.
Yes, sadly, you're right.
Btw, I still enjoy looking at your FR page, and check it out every time I see your screen name. Are the same birds around, now?
Although there are only the briefest of literal sea experiences in Dreams, the following words appear in both Dreams and in Ayers' work: fog, mist, ships, seas, boats, oceans, calms, captains, charts, first mates, storms, streams, wind, waves, anchors, barges, horizons, ports, panoramas, moorings, tides, currents, and things howling, fluttering, knotted, ragged, tangled, and murky.
That's conclusive for me - Ayers wrote the book.
Although there are only the briefest of literal sea experiences in Dreams, the following words appear in both Dreams and in Ayers' work: fog, mist, ships, seas, boats, oceans, calms, captains, charts, first mates, storms, streams, wind, waves, anchors, barges, horizons, ports, panoramas, moorings, tides, currents, and things howling, fluttering, knotted, ragged, tangled, and murky.
That's conclusive - Ayers wrote the book.
Ern wrote: “Nothing will come of any of this. We all know why: can we say “compliant media”?”
Even if the media were not compliant, I don’t think it would matter. Obama will be judged in 2012 based on his record in office, the economy, Afghanistan, Iraq etc.
The book might have mattered in 2008, since his resume and experience for office was so thin. But it’s too late now.
This reminds me of the early days on this board, when almost everyone was convinced that if Clinton could be proved to be lying about Lewinsky, he would be turfed from office. If the dress had appeared in the early days of the scandal it might have. When the proof finally did appear it was too late.
I can barely grasp that this adolescent fantasy is from the uber repected,oh-so-smart professor. It's more like something you'd expect from a beauty-pagent winner. I just want world peace and all that.
Yeah he must be insanely disappointed. "an end to ego ? An end to inner wars? Anyone who expected the election of one guy would mean the end of all egos is just insane.
that is really the only explanation.
Snips from article (and see end of post for comment & question):
“Unfortunately for Obama, he was caught at a July 10, 2008, meeting in Fairfax, Virginia proudly saying the following:
“Ive written two books. I actually wrote them myself.”
Also unfortunately for Obama, Andersens sources all of whom were sympathetic and appear to be at least neighbors to Obama came to other conclusions.
(snip)
Andersen is a celebrity journalist who has worked at Time and People. He knows what kind of lawsuits are occasioned by careless reporting and so far, after many years, he has never had a source or one of his notoriously touchy celebrity subjects complain about the accuracy of his reporting.
(snip)
Thanks to Christopher Andersens hard work there is now credible sourced evidence that Obama did lie about his dealing with Ayers. And thanks to the literary sleuthing of Jack Cashill, whom Andersen credits for finding the textual comparisons between Obamas Dreams and Ayers writing, there is an abundance of internal evidence.
(snip)
A publisher can get gulled by a skillful con. And once outed it can be a major catastrophe.
(snip)
What will Random House do as this kind of clear evidence accumulates that the sitting president of the United States lied to them and the American people about having written his memoir by himself? Obama may have lied about having it ghostwritten by a man infamous to many Americans for his unrepentant attitude towards his deep involvement in the terrorist Weathermen in the 1960s.
(snip)
I have called Markus Dohle, the CEO of Random House, and Stuart Applebaum, the wily director of Communications at Random House who helped weather the Frey fray so well. Do they have a lower standard for an American president who may be defrauding them and their American and international readers than for a James Frey? Are they looking into this?
We will soon see. I am waiting to hear.
(snip)
I have been watching this story evolve for over a year. I did nothing until Christopher Andersen blathered on Hannity. And I saw the stricken look on his face and I have had three very revealing calls with his consultant, who is a pro. Andersen is terrified of talking about this. He wont speak to me. Ayers hasnt called back either.
(snip)
Andersen is a superb celebrity journalist from Time and People. He has never been sued through more than 30 books and hundreds of articles. He says he has two sources. And his book was a kissy face look at the Obamas meant to sell as a love fest he had interviewed the first family. He was anything but hostile. And he claims he has two sources in Hyde Park.
(snip)
As of now, Ayers has not denied being the ghost. Andersen has said he was, and he has sources and a fine reputation in the MSM.
~~~~~~~~~~
THIS is going to have legs!!! The public understands this. BHO just won a Nobel for his ability to express hope.
Journalists are waiting for callbacks from Random House. The evidence has tipped the scales, and Random House must respond. Not only is an author’s (Andersen’s) sterling reputation now on the line, but Random House has to exonerate itself as not being party to a fraud.
That said, one thing I am confused about: Why does Lipscomb say
“the Hannity incident, I think the evidence leads to Andersen outing Ayers by mistake”
when Andersen had already outed Ayers in his book? ... or am I missing something?
Correct. If the DNA had been there the first week, Clinton would have been forced to resign and Al Gore would have been President. I still recall even hard core Dem talking heads that Sunday morning predicting a resignation before the end of the week.
Instead, the Clinton stonewalled, Hillary introduced the 'Massive Right-Wing Conspiracy" and the spin machine spent the next six months trashing every past president from Jefferson to Buchanan to Eisenhower to Kennedy.
By the time the DNA was out, the public was immune to the idea that it's just plain wrong to be screwing the interns and the legal issue of lying under oath was lost in the cloud of salacious sex scandal dust even to the point of feminist reporters being jealous of Monica.
I have to hand it to the Clintons. The managed it perfectly. They knew perfectly how to manipulate (a willing) media and how to BS a historically ignorant public.
And the SOB still lied under oath, and he won't even deny that.
Lol; right about that. We don't know if BHO, since elected, has had any contact with Ayers. Recently, I came across a quote by Lisa Jacks (the photographer of the "hip" BHO photos) that had stuck with me when I first read it. I wonder if this is the way he now thinks of Ayers:
~~~~~~~~~~
I next saw Senator Obama on June 3 in St. Paul, at the Xcel Energy Center, when he learned that he was to be the Democratic nominee for President. I won't share how I made it into the bowels of the building, but I bet the Secret Service guy remembers me.
Yet again, when Barack saw me, he smiled widely and said, "Hey you guys, look. It's an old classmate." He conveyed a genuine response of happiness when he saw me, and asked what I was doing. When I asked how one could get in touch with him in the future, he replied, "You can't." He looked around, pointed at all the dignitaries, and said, "This is my life now."
LOL. I don't think we have any of them. They are all bought and paid for.
I cannot find anything that explains that ‘mistake comment’
There are 67 comments after that article, all of them worthwhile to read.
I could introduce you to my sister. . . .
I have had a fantasy of winning the lottery and buying a million dollar house next door to a Bill Ayres type and turning into Section 8 and renting it to the biggest psycho find I could find. Or maybe rent free some hard core Islamo Nazi who could turn it into a Mosque.
Of course he wants to be loved and admired and worshipped-he can’t help it. The poor man has never been denied anything at all...except for a parent’s love.
Thank you for publishing this comment by Jim Anderson. WOW. What insight he has.
bttt
“an end to ego”
From a madman whose ego is eating him alive....and the rest of us right with it.
Lipscomb talks about "walking back the book" in the same manner as the Frey controversy, but there's an extra fly in this ointment: "Dreams" has been excerpted in middle-school lit textbooks used in many districts.
Ayers could make quite an expensive mess if he so chooses, and I wouldn't be surprised if he's gotten a call from a certain Blackberry lately.
Poor Obama -- so many lies, so much silence to buy, and so many radicals to placate in support of the myth. But with the help of the eager and willing media, it's so much easier.
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